Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object at rest relative to the observer.

True or False? Mass is a vector quantity.

False. Mass is a scalar quantity.

The S.I. unit for mass is kg. What does kg stand for?

The S.I. unit kg stands for kilograms.

Define weight in terms of the effect of a gravitational field. (Extended Tier Only)

Weight is the effect of a gravitational field on an object with mass.

Define gravitational field strength .

Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass acting on an object in a gravitational field.

True or False? Weight is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object. (Extended Tier Only)

False. Weight is a gravitational force on an object with mass.

True or False? An object's mass varies depending on the gravitational field strength .

False. An object's mass is independent of gravitational field strength.

What is the purpose of using a balance ?

A balance is used to compare the weights of two objects or to measure the mass of an object.

How is weight affected by the gravitational field strength ? (Extended Tier Only)

Weight is affected by the gravitational field strength; the stronger the gravitational field , the greater the weight of the object.

Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a material. It describes how much mass is contained in a given volume.

True or False? Objects made from high-density materials typically have low mass .

False. Objects made from high-density materials typically have a high mass.

State the units for density when mass is in grams ( g ) and volume is in cubic centimetres ( cm³ ).

The units for density are grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm³) when mass is measured in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimetres (cm³).

Why are gases generally less dense than solids?

Gases are generally less dense than solids because the molecules in a gas are more spread out over a larger volume.

True or False? Density is a scalar quantity.

True. Density is a scalar quantity.

Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object in three-dimensional space.

How does the density of a material affect its buoyancy ?

The density of a material affects its buoyancy. If a material is more dense than water (1000kg/m3), it will sink in water. Conversely, if it is less dense than water, it will float due to the buoyant force acting on it.

Upthrust is a force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in a fluid (a liquid or a gas). It acts in the opposite direction to the object's weight and is caused by the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the object.

What are the conditions required for an object to float ?

The conditions for an object to float are: the upthrust is equal to or greater than its weight the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid

True or False? Upthrust always pushes downwards on a submerged object.

False. Upthrust always pushes upwards on a submerged object.

What are the factors affecting whether an object sinks or floats ?

The factors affecting whether an object sinks or floats are the upthrust it experiences and its density . If the upthrust is equal to or greater than the object's weight, and if the object's density is less than the density of the fluid, it will float. Otherwise, it will sink.

A wooden block has a density of 0.9 g/cm³, and freshwater has a density of 1.0 g/cm³. Will the block sink or float in freshwater?

The wooden block will float because its density is less than that of freshwater.

How can you determine if one liquid will float on top of another? (Extended Tier Only)

To determine whether a liquid will float on top of another, compare their densities. The liquid with the lower density will float on top of the one with the higher density, assuming the liquids do not mix.

State the condition for liquid A to float on liquid B.

Liquid A will float on top of liquid B if the density of liquid A is lower than that of liquid B.

True or False? Density is always measured in kilograms ( kg ).

False. Density mass per unit volume . The units could be: kilograms per metre cubed (kg/m 3 ) grams per centimetre cubed (g/cm 3 )

IGCSEPhysicsCambridge (CIE)Flashcards

1.3 Mass, Weight & Density (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Physics)

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Front1.3.1 Mass & Weight
Define mass.

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Define mass.
Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object at rest relative to the observer.
True or False?
Mass is a vector quantity.
False.
Mass is a scalar quantity.
The S.I. unit for mass is kg. What does kg stand for?
The S.I. unit kg stands for kilograms.
Define weight in terms of the effect of a gravitational field. (Extended Tier Only)
Weight is the effect of a gravitational field on an object with mass.
Define gravitational field strength.
Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass acting on an object in a gravitational field.
True or False?
Weight is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object. (Extended Tier Only)
False.
Weight is a gravitational force on an object with mass.
True or False?
An object's mass varies depending on the gravitational field strength.
False.
An object's mass is independent of gravitational field strength.
What is the purpose of using a balance?
A balance is used to compare the weights of two objects or to measure the mass of an object.
How is weight affected by the gravitational field strength? (Extended Tier Only)
Weight is affected by the gravitational field strength; the stronger the gravitational field, the greater the weight of the object.
Define density.
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a material. It describes how much mass is contained in a given volume.
True or False?
Objects made from high-density materials typically have low mass.
False.
Objects made from high-density materials typically have a high mass.
What is the equation for the density of an object?
The equation for density is $ρ = \frac{m}{V}$
Where:
- ρ = density, measured in kg / m³
- $m$ = mass, measured in kilograms (kg)
- $V$ = volume, measured in metres cubed (m³)
State the units for density when mass is in grams (g) and volume is in cubic centimetres (cm³).
The units for density are grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm³) when mass is measured in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimetres (cm³).
Why are gases generally less dense than solids?
Gases are generally less dense than solids because the molecules in a gas are more spread out over a larger volume.
True or False?
Density is a scalar quantity.
True.
Density is a scalar quantity.
Define volume.
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object in three-dimensional space.
State the equation used to calculate the volume of an object.
The equation used to calculate the volume of an object is $V = l \times w \times h$
Where:
- $l$ = length of object, measured in metres (m)
- $w$ = width of object, measured in metres (m)
- $h$ = height of object, measured in (m)
How does the density of a material affect its buoyancy?
The density of a material affects its buoyancy. If a material is more dense than water (1000kg/m3), it will sink in water. Conversely, if it is less dense than water, it will float due to the buoyant force acting on it.
Define upthrust.
Upthrust is a force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in a fluid (a liquid or a gas). It acts in the opposite direction to the object's weight and is caused by the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the object.
What are the conditions required for an object to float?
The conditions for an object to float are:
- the upthrust is equal to or greater than its weight
- the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid
True or False?
Upthrust always pushes downwards on a submerged object.
False.
Upthrust always pushes upwards on a submerged object.
What are the factors affecting whether an object sinks or floats?
The factors affecting whether an object sinks or floats are the upthrust it experiences and its density.
If the upthrust is equal to or greater than the object's weight, and if the object's density is less than the density of the fluid, it will float. Otherwise, it will sink.
A wooden block has a density of 0.9 g/cm³, and freshwater has a density of 1.0 g/cm³. Will the block sink or float in freshwater?
The wooden block will float because its density is less than that of freshwater.
How can you determine if one liquid will float on top of another? (Extended Tier Only)
To determine whether a liquid will float on top of another, compare their densities. The liquid with the lower density will float on top of the one with the higher density, assuming the liquids do not mix.
State the condition for liquid A to float on liquid B.
Liquid A will float on top of liquid B if the density of liquid A is lower than that of liquid B.
True or False?
Density is always measured in kilograms (kg).
False.
Density mass per unit volume. The units could be:
- kilograms per metre cubed (kg/m³)
- grams per centimetre cubed (g/cm³)