Refrain - GCSE English Language Definition

A refrain is a word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem or song, often at the end of a stanza. It works a bit like a chorus in music. The repetition helps to emphasise a key idea or emotion.

Writers use refrains to create rhythm, build mood, and make certain themes more memorable. In GCSE English Literature, identifying a refrain can help you understand what the poet wants to highlight and how they use repetition for effect.

Example of refrain in a GCSE text

In 'Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night' by Dylan Thomas, the poet uses the refrain:

“Do not go gentle into that good night.”

This line is repeated throughout the poem to stress the speaker’s urgent plea for his father to fight against death. The refrain adds emotional intensity and reinforces the poem’s central message.