Edexcel A Level Biology (A) SNAB
Exam Questions

The Need for a Circulatory System, The Importance of Water in Transport, Mammalian Heart: Structure & Function, Blood Vessels: Structure & Function, Cardiac Cycle, Investigating Heart Rate, Atherosclerosis, Blood Clotting

Cardiovascular Disease, Interpreting Data on Risk Factors, Treatment of CVD, Energy Budgets & Diet, Monosaccharides, The Glycosidic Bond, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides, Lipids & Ester Bonds, Reducing Risk Factors of CVD, Practical: Vitamin C Content

Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces, Fick's Law of Diffusion, The Mammalian Lung, Cell Membranes, Practical: Investigating Membrane Structure & Permeability, Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion, Active Transport, Osmosis

Nucleotides & Phosphodiester Bonds, DNA: Structure, RNA: Structure

Transcription, Translation, Nature of the Genetic Code, Amino Acids & Peptide Bonds, Levels of Protein Structure, Globular Proteins: Structure & Function, Fibrous Proteins: Structure & Function, The Role of Enzymes, Mode of Enzyme Action, Practical: Investigating the Effect Enzyme and Substrate Concentrations

DNA Replication, Mutations, Inheritance: Key Terms, Pedigree Diagrams, Monohybrid Crosses, Chi-squared Test, Genetic Screening

Cell Theory, Eukaryotic Cells, Prokaryotic Cells, Organisation of Cells, Microscopy, Magnification Calculations, Recognising Organelles

The Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Practical: Identifying Mitosis in Plant Cells

Mammalian Gametes, Fertilisation in Mammals, Genes & Linkage, Meiosis: Source of Genetic Variation

Stem Cells, Stem Cells in Medicine, Cell Differentiation, Epigenetics, Phenotypes & Variation

The Variety of Life, Measuring Biodiversity Within a Habitat, Comparing Biodiversity Between Habitats, Ecological Niches & Adaptations, Natural Selection, Hardy-Weinberg Equation, Reproductive Isolation, Classification, Conservation of Biodiversity

Plant Cell Structure, Plant Stems, Importance of Water & Inorganic Ions to Plants, Starch & Cellulose: Structure & Function, Plant Fibres, Practical: Identifying Tissue Types Within Stems, Practical: Determining the Tensile Strength of Plant Fibres, Development of Drug Testing, Antimicrobial Properties of Plants, Sustainability & Plant Materials

Ecosystems: Key Terms, Biotic & Abiotic Factors, Niches: Distribution & Abundance, Practical: Determining Distribution & Abundance, Stages of Succession, Net Primary Productivity, Calculating the Efficiency of Biomass & Energy Transfers

Photosynthesis: An Overview, ATP as a Supply of Energy, Chloroplasts: Structure & Function, Light-dependent Reactions, Light-independent Reactions, Products of Photosynthesis, Practical: The Hill Reaction

Introduction to Climate Change, Evidence for the Causes of Climate Change, The Greenhouse Effect, Models of Future Climate Change, The Effects of Climate Change, Temperature & Enzyme Activity, Practical: Temperature & Development of Organisms, Climate Change & the Scientific Community, Carbon Cycle & Reduction of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Reducing Climate Change

Evolution by Natural Selection, Speciation, Evidence of Evolution & the Scientific Community

Determining the Time of Death, Micro-organisms: Decomposition & Nutrient Recycling, DNA Profiling

Structure of Bacteria & Viruses, Entry Routes of Pathogens, Non-specific Immune Responses, Antigens & Antibodies, T Cell Response, B Cell Response, Post-transcriptional Modification, Types of Immunity, Evolutionary Race Between Pathogens & Host, Types of Antibiotics, Limiting Antibiotic Resistance

Movement of the Skeleton, Muscle Fibres, Muscle Contraction

Respiration: An Overview, Stages of Respiration, Glycolysis, Link Reaction & Krebs Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Practical: Investigating the Rate of Respiration, Anaerobic Respiration

Homeostasis: An Overview, Electrical Activity in the Heart, ECGs & Diagnosing CVD, Calculating Cardiac Output

Variations in Breathing Rate & Heart Rate, Practical: Investigating the Effects of Exercise, Intensity of Exercise, Modern Medicine & Participation in Sports

Co-ordination of Response, Neurones: Structure & Function, Nervous System: Response to a Stimulus, Transmission of Nerve Impulses, Synapses: Structure & Function, Detection of Light, The Effects of IAA, Phytochrome

Brain: Structure & Function, Studying the Brain, Development of the Visual Cortex, The Role of Animal Models in Research, Habituation, Imbalances in Brain Chemicals Leading to Diseases, Action of Drugs on Synapses, Personalised Medicine, Producing Drugs Using GMOs, Nature vs Nurture in Brain Development