Earthquake - GCSE Geography Definition

An earthquake is a natural event characterised by the sudden and rapid shaking of the Earth's surface, usually caused by the movement of tectonic plates beneath the ground. This movement occurs along faults, which are fractures in the Earth’s crust where pressure and energy build up over time. When the pressure and energy are released, it sends out seismic waves that can cause the ground to shake, sometimes with devastating effects. Earthquakes are measured using the Moment Magnitude Scale, which indicates their magnitude. They are detected with instruments called seismometers. Understanding earthquakes is crucial for GCSE Geography students as they illustrate the dynamic nature of our planet and the potential risks to human societies and the environment.