Arithmetic, Relational & Boolean Operations (AQA GCSE Computer Science): Revision Note

Exam code: 8525

James Woodhouse

Written by: James Woodhouse

Reviewed by: Lucy Kirkham

Updated on

Arithmetic, Relational & Boolean Operations

What is an operator?

  • An operator is a symbol used to instruct a computer to perform a specific operation on one or more values

  • Examples of common operators include:

    • Arithmetic

    • Relational

    • Boolean (AND, OR and NOT)

Arithmetic Operators

What are the arithmetic operators?

Operator

Pseudocode

Python

Addition

+

+

Subtraction

-

-

Multiplication

*

*

Division

/

/

Modulus (remainder after division)

MOD

%

Quotient (whole number division)

DIV

//

Exponentiation (to the power of)

^

**

  • To demonstrate the use of common arithmetic operators, three sample programs written in Python are given below

  • Comments have been included to help understand how the arithmetic operators are being used

    • Arithmetic operators #1 - a simple program to calculate if a user entered number is odd or even

    • Arithmetic operators #2 - a simple program to calculate the area of a circle from a user inputted radius

    • Arithmetic operators #3 - a simple program that generates 5 maths questions based on user inputs and gives a score of how many were correctly answered at the end

Python code

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Arithmetic operators #1
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Get the user to input a number
user_input = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# if the remainder of the number divided by 2 is 0, the number is even
if user_input % 2 == 0:
    print("The number is even.")
else:
    print("The number is odd.")

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Arithmetic operators #2
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Get the radius from the user
radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))

# Calculate the area of the circle
area = 3.14159 * radius ** 2

# Display the calculated area
print("The area of the circle with radius",radius,"is",area)

# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Arithmetic operators #3
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set the score to 0
score = 0

# Loop 5 times
for x in range(5):
    num1 = int(input("Enter the first number: "))
    operator = input("Enter the operator (+, -, *): ")
    num2 = int(input("Enter the second number: "))
    user_answer = int(input("What is "+str(num1)+str(operator)+str(num2)+"? "))

# Check the answer and update the score
    if operator == '+':
        correct_answer = num1 + num2
    elif operator == '-':
        correct_answer = num1 - num2
    elif operator == '*':
        correct_answer = num1 * num2

    if user_answer == correct_answer:
        score = score + 1
    else:
      print("Sorry that's incorrect.")

print("Your score is:", score)

Relational & Boolean Operators

What are the relational operators?

Operator

Pseudocode

Python

Equal to

==

==

Not equal to

!=

!=

Less than

<

<

Less than or equal to

<=

<=

Greater than

>

>

Greater than or equal to

>=

>=

What are the boolean operators?

  • Boolean operators are

    • AND

    • OR

    • NOT

  • To demonstrate the use of common Relational and Boolean operators, three sample programs written in Python are given below

  • Comments have been included to help understand how the Boolean operators are being used

    • Common Boolean operators #1 - a simple program that assigns Boolean values to two variables and outputs basic comparisons

    • Common Boolean operators #2 - a simple program to output a grade based on a users score

    • Common Boolean operators #3 - a simple program reads a text files and searches for an inputted score

Python code

# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Common Boolean operators #1
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Assign a Boolean value to a and b
a = True
b = False

# print the result of a and b
print("a and b:", a and b)
# print the result of a or b
print("a or b:", a or b)
# print the result of not a
print("not a:", not a)

# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Common Boolean operators #2
# -----------------------------------------------------------

# Take input for the score from the user
score = int(input("Enter the score: "))

# Compare the score and output the corresponding grade
if score >= 90 and score <= 100:
  print("Grade: A")
elif score >= 80 and score < 90:
  print("Grade: B")
elif score >= 70 and score < 80:
  print("Grade: C")
elif score < 70:
  print("Fail")

# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Common Boolean operators #3
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Open the file for reading
file = open("scores.txt","r")
# Set flags to false
end_of_file = False
found = False
score = input("Enter a score: ")
# While it's not the end of the file and the score has not been found
while not end_of_file and not found:
  # read the line
  scores = file.readline().strip()
  # if the line equals the score
  if score == str(scores):
    found = True
    print("Score found")
  # if the line is empty
  if scores == "":
    end_of_file = True
    print("Score not found")
file.close()

Worked Example

A cinema calculates ticket prices based on age category

  • Adult = £13.00

  • Child = £7.50

The program asks the user to enter their age and calculates the cost of their ticket

A simple algorithm is used

adult = 13.00
child = 7.50
age = input("What is your age: ")
if age > 18 then
  total_cost = adult
else
  total_cost = child
end if
print(total_cost)

The cinema decides to add a discount of 25% to customers who come to the cinema on 'Sunday evening'

Identify all the additional inputs that will be required for this change to the algorithm [2]

How to answer this question

  • What new information is needed?

Answer

  • day

  • time

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James Woodhouse

Author: James Woodhouse

Expertise: Computer Science & English Subject Lead

James graduated from the University of Sunderland with a degree in ICT and Computing education. He has over 14 years of experience both teaching and leading in Computer Science, specialising in teaching GCSE and A-level. James has held various leadership roles, including Head of Computer Science and coordinator positions for Key Stage 3 and Key Stage 4. James has a keen interest in networking security and technologies aimed at preventing security breaches.

Lucy Kirkham

Reviewer: Lucy Kirkham

Expertise: Head of STEM

Lucy has been a passionate Maths teacher for over 12 years, teaching maths across the UK and abroad helping to engage, interest and develop confidence in the subject at all levels.Working as a Head of Department and then Director of Maths, Lucy has advised schools and academy trusts in both Scotland and the East Midlands, where her role was to support and coach teachers to improve Maths teaching for all.

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