Penetration - GCSE Physics Definition

In GCSE Physics, "penetration" refers to how deeply different types of radiation can pass through materials. Radiation can come in different forms, like alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. Alpha particles have the least penetration power, as they can be stopped by just a sheet of paper. Beta particles can go through paper but are stopped by materials like aluminium. Gamma rays have the most penetration power, since they can pass through many materials and need thick layers of lead or concrete to stop them. Understanding penetration helps us learn how to protect ourselves from harmful radiation.