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Mitochondria & the Need for Energy (AQA A Level Biology): Revision Note

Exam code: 7402

Alistair Marjot

Written by: Alistair Marjot

Reviewed by: Naomi Holyoak

Updated on

Respiration produces ATP

  • Respiration is a chemical process that occurs inside living cells; it releases energy from organic molecules

Balanced equation for aerobic respiration, IGCSE & GCSE Chemistry revision notes

  • During respiration the chemical energy stored in nutrient molecules, e.g. carbohydrates, is transferred to ATP

  • Energy from ATP is used in cellular processes such as:

    • active transport across membranes, e.g. via sodium-potassium pumps

    • DNA synthesis

    • protein synthesis

    • muscle contraction

Examiner Tips and Tricks

Remember that, according to the laws of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed. Never write in an exam that energy is “created” or "produced" when talking about respiration; you should instead say that energy is transferred or released.

Note that it is acceptable to say that ATP is produced.

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    Previous:Investigating the Rate of PhotosynthesisNext:The Stages of Aerobic Respiration
    Author
    Reviewer
    Alistair Marjot

    Author: Alistair Marjot

    Expertise: Environmental Systems and Societies & Biology Content Creator

    Alistair graduated from Oxford University with a degree in Biological Sciences. He has taught GCSE/IGCSE Biology, as well as Biology and Environmental Systems & Societies for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. While teaching in Oxford, Alistair completed his MA Education as Head of Department for Environmental Systems & Societies. Alistair has continued to pursue his interests in ecology and environmental science, recently gaining an MSc in Wildlife Biology & Conservation with Edinburgh Napier University.

    Naomi Holyoak

    Reviewer: Naomi Holyoak

    Expertise: Biology Content Creator

    Naomi graduated from the University of Oxford with a degree in Biological Sciences. She has 8 years of classroom experience teaching Key Stage 3 up to A-Level biology, and is currently a tutor and A-Level examiner. Naomi especially enjoys creating resources that enable students to build a solid understanding of subject content, while also connecting their knowledge with biology’s exciting, real-world applications.