Climate Change Adaptation Strategies (DP IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS)) : Revision Note

Constructing and reinforcing flood protection infrastructure, such as levees, flood barriers, and coastal defences, to mitigate the risks associated with rising sea levels and increased rainfall

Implementing sustainable drainage systems (SUDs) to manage and control excess water during heavy rainfall events

Restoring and preserving natural floodplains, wetlands, and mangroves, which act as natural buffers against flooding

Developing and implementing proactive public health measures, including vaccination programs, to address the changing disease patterns and emergence of new health risks associated with climate change

Strengthening disease surveillance systems to monitor and respond to climate-related health impacts, such as the spread of vector-borne diseases in new regions

Investing in desalination technologies to increase freshwater availability in regions facing water scarcity due to reduced rainfall or saltwater intrusion

However, it is important to also ensure the sustainability of any desalination practices by integrating energy-efficient methods, utilising renewable energy sources, and minimising the environmental impacts (e.g. of brine disposal)

As climate patterns shift and certain regions experience milder temperatures or increased rainfall, areas that were once unsuitable for certain crops may become suitable for cultivation

This expansion of suitable growing conditions can open up new opportunities for farmers, allowing them to cultivate a broader range of crops and increase agricultural output

This has the potential to contribute to food security by reducing reliance on specific crops or specific regions that may be more vulnerable to climate change impacts