Inductive reasoning - AP® English Definition

Inductive reasoning is a way of thinking that starts with specific examples or observations and moves toward a general conclusion. In AP English, students learn that inductive reasoning is often used in arguments to build a case based on evidence.

Writers use inductive reasoning to show patterns or trends that support their main point. While it can be persuasive, it’s not always guaranteed to be true — so students must evaluate how strong the evidence is. It’s often used in essays, speeches, and rhetorical writing.

Example of inductive reasoning in an AP English text

In Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, Carson gives many specific examples of how pesticides harm wildlife.

From these examples, she leads readers to the general conclusion that pesticide use is dangerous to the environment. This use of inductive reasoning builds a powerful argument by allowing the audience to see a clear pattern in the evidence.