Structure - GCSE English Language Definition

Structure refers to how a text is organised and arranged. This includes how the text opens and ends, the order of ideas, paragraphing, narrative perspective, or the use of features like flashbacks or shifts in focus. In GCSE English Literature, structure also refers to the chapter or stanza divisions.

Writers carefully plan structure to build tension, reveal information gradually, or highlight key themes. Analysing structure helps you understand how meaning is created across the whole text.

Example of structure in a GCSE text

In A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens, the story is structured in five “staves” rather than chapters, like a musical score. This unique structure mirrors the idea of a song or carol and helps show Scrooge’s gradual change from selfish to generous.

In GCSE English Language, a narrative might begin with a calm setting, build tension through action, and end with a twist. This structured build-up helps keep the reader engaged and creates a strong emotional impact.