An alpha particle is a type of subatomic particle that consists of two protons and two neutrons, making it identical to the nucleus of a helium atom. In the context of GCSE Physics, alpha particles are important in the study of radioactivity and nuclear reactions.
They are positively charged and are emitted during alpha decay, a process where certain unstable atomic nuclei release an alpha particle to become more stable.
Due to their relatively large mass and charge, alpha particles can only travel a few centimetres in air and are easily stopped by materials like paper or human skin, which makes them less penetrating compared to other types of radiation such as beta particles and gamma rays. However, they can be very harmful if ingested or inhaled.
Examiner-written GCSE Physics revision resources that improve your grades 2x
- Written by expert teachers and examiners
- Aligned to exam specifications
- Everything you need to know, and nothing you don’t
Share this article
written revision resources that improve your