Peatlands - GCSE Biology Definition

Peatlands are ecosystems where the ground is mostly made of peat, a dark, spongy material formed from partially decayed plant matter. These ecosystems are usually found in cool, wet environments such as bogs and fens. Peatlands are important because they store large amounts of carbon that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. They also help regulate water flow, reduce the risk of flooding, and support unique biodiversity. However, peatlands are sensitive to changes such as drainage, burning, and farming, which can damage the ecosystem and release stored carbon. Understanding peatlands is important for protecting biodiversity and tackling climate change.