Speciation - GCSE Biology Definition

Speciation is the process by which new species are formed. It occurs when groups within a population become so different that they can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Over time, factors such as mutations, natural selection, and geographical isolation can cause these groups to change in different ways. As genetic and physical differences accumulate, the groups become reproductively isolated, eventually leading to the formation of distinct species. Speciation is a key part of evolution and helps explain the diversity of life on Earth.