Gene Theory - GCSE Biology Definition

Gene theory is a fundamental concept in biology that explains how traits and characteristics are passed from parents to their offspring. It states that genes—small sections of DNA found in cells—carry the instructions for making proteins that determine an organism’s features. Each gene is located on a chromosome, and humans have thousands of these genes. During reproduction, parents pass on copies of their genes to their children, which is why family members often share similar traits. Understanding gene theory helps us study how living things grow, develop, and evolve over time.