Monoclonal antibodies are identical copies of one type of antibody, made in a laboratory. They are designed to bind to one specific antigen (a molecule on the surface of a cell or pathogen), making them useful in medicine for diagnosis (e.g. pregnancy tests) and treatment. For example, monoclonal antibodies can help doctors find or treat certain cancers and autoimmune diseases, as they can deliver treatments directly to the affected cells. This makes them very precise tools in medical science.
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