What is IB Maths?: Overview for Students

There are a lot of options that you can take for your post-16 studies in maths. If you studied the IB MYP then you might want to continue with the IB DP. Many students also go on from GCSEs/IGCSEs to study IB DP, but if you studied those courses then you could instead consider studying A Level Maths or International A Level Maths. 

In this article, I’ll explain what IB Maths is all about, to help you decide if it’s the right choice for your post-16 studies.

What is IB Maths?: Quick summary

IB Maths is the mathematics component of the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme, a globally recognised qualification for students aged 16–19. It is designed to develop mathematical thinking, problem-solving, and real-world application skills.

Students can choose between two main courses:

• Analysis and Approaches (AA) – ideal for you if you enjoy algebra and theoretical maths, and if you are considering maths-heavy university courses.

• Applications and Interpretation (AI) – suited for you if you are interested in practical maths, data handling, and using technology to solve problems.

Each course is offered at Standard Level (SL) or Higher Level (HL), depending on your interests and future plans.

Why study Maths at IB?

If you choose to complete the IB Diploma Programme, then you are required to take a maths course. This is different to A Levels, where you can choose any subjects you want.

Whenever I ran open evenings at my school, prospective students always asked me why they have to study Maths. Here are some of my responses.

IB Maths is highly valued by universities and employers, especially for courses and careers in science, engineering, economics, and computing. Throughout the course, you will develop problem-solving skills, logical thinking, and mathematical fluency. IB Maths can help you with your other subjects, such as IB Physics and IB Economics.

But most importantly, IB Maths is enjoyable! You study lots of engaging topics such as probability distributions. It can be challenging, but, if you enjoy Maths and are prepared to work hard, you will succeed.

What does IB Maths cover?

Both courses are split into five sections:

• Number and algebra

• Functions

• Geometry and trigonometry

• Statistics and probability

• Calculus

There is a range of core topics which are studied in both courses, such as sequences and basic differentiation. The table below shows a selection of topics that are unique to each course at each level.

How is IB Maths assessed?

For Standard Level, you will have to sit two papers regardless of which course you take. For Higher Level in either AA or AI, you will have to sit three papers. In addition, you have to complete an Internal Assessment for Maths. 

The table below shows the differences between the papers

What are the different assessment objectives?

There are six competencies that you will need to demonstrate in your internal and external assessments.

What skills will students learn?

Problem-solving

Problem-solving is at the core of the IB Maths courses. You will learn how to apply your knowledge to unfamiliar contexts.

Modelling real-life situations

There is a bigger emphasis on modelling in the AI courses compared to IGCSE Maths. You will learn how to use models and evaluate their appropriateness.

Proving results rigorously

So far in your Maths journey, you have learned lots of important facts, such as the fact that there is an infinite number of prime numbers and that √2 is irrational  In the AA course, there is a big emphasis on proving results such as these.

Communicating ideas clearly

At IB level, questions aren’t focused only on asking you to find the correct answer. You will need to justify your answers and give clear mathematical arguments.

Top tips for success

Practise regularly

After each lesson, practise the skills that you have learned. Even if you understand the skill in the classroom, you should still practise it independently to help keep it in your memory.

Study together

Study with some of your peers. Explaining mathematical topics to others can really help deepen your understanding. A study group can also help when you get stuck on a question or a skill.

Attempt past paper questions

It is never too early to start preparing for your exams. Once you have practised the basics, you should look at a few relevant past paper questions to familiarise yourself with the style.

Frequently asked questions about IB Maths

Is IB Maths hard?

The IB Maths courses can be challenging. You need to ensure that you choose the most appropriate course for you. If you enjoy algebra, then choose AA. If you enjoy finding answers to problems using a calculator, then choose AI.

Is IB Maths easy to pass?

If you study and learn the basics, then it can be easy to achieve a pass. Normally, you need to get around 15% of the marks on each paper to achieve a Grade 2.

What careers can IB Maths lead to?

IB Maths can lead to a wide range of careers, such as engineering, data science and finance. IB Maths is also a popular choice for students who go on to study medicine or dentistry at university.

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