National 5ChemistrySQAExam QuestionsChemical Changes & StructureAtomic Structure & Bonding Related to Properties of Materials

Atomic Structure & Bonding Related to Properties of Materials (SQA National 5 Chemistry): Exam Questions

Exam code: X813 75

26 mins26 questions
1
1 mark

Oganesson is a newly discovered element with a predicted electron arrangement of 2,8,18,32,32,18,8

In which group of the periodic table should oganesson be placed?

  • 0

  • 1

  • 2

  • 7

Choose your answer

2
1 mark

Which line in the table shows the correct number of protons and electrons for the atom,Fe presubscript 26 presuperscript 56?

Protons

Electrons

A

56

56

B

56

26

C

26

26

D

26

56

    Choose your answer

    3
    1 mark

    Which bonding and structure is never found in elements?

    • Covalent molecular

    • Ionic lattice

    • Metallic lattice

    • Covalent network

    Choose your answer

    4
    1 mark

    Which of the following compounds would conduct electricity at 600 °C?

    You may wish to use the data booklet to help you.

    • Silicon dioxide

    • Lithium bromide

    • Ammonia

    • Barium chloride

    Choose your answer

    5
    1 mark

    Which two lines in the table show particles that are isotopes of the same element?

    Particle

    Number of protons

    Number of neutrons

    Number of electrons

    W

    11

    12

    10

    X

    11

    12

    11

    Y

    12

    12

    12

    Z

    12

    14

    12

    • W and X

    • X and Z

    • W and Y

    • Y and Z

    Choose your answer

    6
    1 mark

    An atom of tin has 74 neutrons.

    Which of the following is the mass number of this atom?

    You may wish to use the data booklet to help you.

    • 50

    •  74

    • 118.5

    • 124

    Choose your answer

    7
    1 mark

    Lead forms many compounds with non-metal elements.

    At room temperature tetraethylplumbane, Pb(C2H5)4, is a liquid that does not conduct electricity and is insoluble in water.

    The structure and bonding in tetraethylplumbane is

    • covalent molecular

    • covalent network

    • ionic lattice

    • metallic lattice.

    Choose your answer

    8
    1 mark

    Which line in the table correctly describes a proton?

    Mass

    Charge

    Location

    A

    1

    +1

    inside the nucleus

    B

    0

    −1

    outside the nucleus

    C

    1

    0

    outside the nucleus

    D

    0

    +1

    inside the nucleus

      Choose your answer

      9
      1 mark

      Which of the following compounds forms molecules with an angular structure?

      • CCl4

      • NCl3

      • SCl2

      • FCl

      Choose your answer

      10
      1 mark

      Which of the following diagrams could be used to represent the structure of lithium fluoride?

      • Rows of circles contain plus signs, representing positive charges. Each circle is followed by 'e-' symbols, depicting electrons, indicating atomic structure.
      • Diagram of a metallic structure showing closely packed spheres with positive and negative symbols, illustrating positive ions and a sea of delocalised electrons.
      • Rows of magnifying glass icons—black handles and frames—with white lenses repeated in a grid pattern on a white background.
      • Diagram of a complex interconnected network with black and grey nodes connected by lines, forming a three-dimensional geometric structure.

      Choose your answer

      11
      1 mark

      Which of the following is the atomic number of a metal?

      • 1

      • 33

      • 45

      • 86

      Choose your answer

      12
      1 mark

      An atom is neutral because:

      • the number of protons equals the number of neutrons

      • the number of electrons equals the number of protons

      • the number of electrons equals the number of protons plus neutrons

      • the number of neutrons equals the number of electrons plus protons

      Choose your answer

      13
      1 mark

      When liquid water changes to steam:

      • weak forces of attraction between the water molecules are broken

      • strong forces of attraction between the water molecules are broken

      • weak forces of attraction between the atoms in the water molecules are broken

      • strong forces of attraction between the atoms in the water molecules are broken.

      Choose your answer

      14
      1 mark

      Which of the following structures would be described as angular?

      • Diagram of an ammonium ion illustrating nitrogen bonded to four hydrogen atoms with dashed, solid, and wedged lines, enclosed in brackets with a positive sign.
      • Structural formula of a sulphur dioxide molecule showing one sulphur atom bonded to two oxygen atoms, each with a double bond.
      • Chemical structure of carbon dioxide with one carbon atom double-bonded to two oxygen atoms, depicted linearly as O=C=O.
      • Diagram of an ammonia molecule, showing one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Bonds include a solid wedge, dash, and line.

      Choose your answer

      15
      1 mark

      Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction a nucleus has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond.

      When two nuclei that have different electronegativity values are bonded together, the bond formed is described as ‘polar covalent’.

      The bigger the difference in the electronegativity values the more polar the bond.

      The table contains electronegativity values for some atoms.

      Atom

      Electronegativity value

      H

      2.2

      C

      2.6

      N

      3.0

      O

      3.4

      Which of the following bonds would be the most polar?

      • O−H

      • N−H

      • C−H

      • C−O

      Choose your answer

      16
      1 mark

      Tennessine is a newly discovered element with a predicted electron arrangement of 2,8,18,32,32,18,7.

      In which group of the periodic table should Tennessine be placed?

      • 1

      • 2

      • 7

      • 8

      Choose your answer

      17
      1 mark

      Which of the following is a positively charged ion?

      Protons

      Neutrons

      Electrons

      A

      9

      10

      10

      B

      10

      9

      10

      C

      11

      12

      11

      D

      12

      13

      10

        Choose your answer

        18
        1 mark

        To turn a gas into a liquid it must be cooled below a temperature known as its critical temperature.

        Gas

        Formula

        Relative formula mass

        Critical temperature (°C)

        hydrogen

        H2

        2

        −240

        helium

        He

        4

        −268

        ammonia

        NH3

        17

        133

        oxygen

        O2

        32

        −119

        carbon dioxide

        CO2

        44

        31

        Identify the true statement based on the information in this table.

        • Carbon dioxide can be a liquid at 40 °C

        • Compounds have higher critical temperatures than elements

        • Critical temperature increases as relative formula mass increases

        • Diatomic elements have lower critical temperatures than Noble gases

        Choose your answer

        19
        1 mark

        A molecule of phosphorus trifluoride is shown.

        Chemical structure diagram of phosphorus trifluoride, showing a central phosphorus atom bonded to three fluorine atoms with wedge and dash notation.

        Which term can be used to describe the shape of a phosphorus trifluoride molecule?

        • Linear

        • Angular

        • Tetrahedral

        • Trigonal pyramidal

        Choose your answer

        20
        1 mark

        In which of the following compounds do the ions have the same electron arrangement?

        You may wish to use the data booklet to help you.

        • Na2O

        • LiF

        • KBr

        • MgCl2

        Choose your answer

        21
        1 mark

        Several conductivity experiments were carried out using the apparatus below.

        Diagram showing a low voltage DC supply circuit with a bulb connected to electrodes in two containers labelled substance X and substance Y.

        Identify the experiment in which the bulb would light.

        Substance X

        Substance Y

        A

        solid copper sulfate

        liquid mercury

        B

        copper chloride solution

        molten sodium chloride

        C

        solid potassium nitrate

        nickel bromide solution

        D

        sodium chloride solution

        liquid hexane

          Choose your answer

          22
          1 mark

          Which line in the table identifies the correct location of a proton and an electron in an atom?

          Proton

          Electron

          A

          inside the nucleus

          inside the nucleus

          B

          inside the nucleus

          outside the nucleus

          C

          outside the nucleus

          outside the nucleus

          D

          outside the nucleus

          inside the nucleus

            Choose your answer

            23
            1 mark

            Which of the following elements does not exist as diatomic molecules?

            • Oxygen

            • Helium

            • Bromine

            • Hydrogen

            Choose your answer

            24
            1 mark

            The shapes of some molecules are shown below.

            Diagrams of molecular shapes: tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, angular, and linear, each represented by dots and lines illustrating atomic connections.

            The shape of a molecule of hydrogen bromide is likely to be

            • tetrahedral

            • trigonal pyramidal

            • angular

            • linear.

            Choose your answer

            25
            1 mark

            Which of the following elements forms an ion with a single positive charge and an electron arrangement of 2,8?

            You may wish to use the data booklet to help you.

            • Sodium

            • Magnesium

            • Fluorine

            • Neon

            Choose your answer

            26
            1 mark

            Which line in the table shows the properties of a covalent network compound?

            Melting point (°C)

            Boiling point (°C)

            Conducts electricity

            Solid

            Liquid

            A

            -127

            -100

            no

            no

            B

            795

            1410

            no

            yes

            C

            30

            2204

            yes

            yes

            D

            2700

            3350

            no

            no

              Choose your answer