Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2017

Last exams 2026

Holism & Reductionism (AQA A Level Psychology): Exam Questions

Exam code: 7182

53 mins7 questions
1
1 mark

Which of the following best describes a reductionist approach in psychology?

Write A, B, C, or D in your answer book.

  • Explaining behaviour in a complicated way in terms of complex mechanisms.

  • Explaining behaviour in a simple way in terms of basic units.

  • Explaining behaviour in one way and ignoring all other explanations.

  • Explaining behaviour in several different ways at the same time.

2
2 marks

Briefly outline what psychologists mean by ‘levels of explanation’.

1a
2 marks

A psychology student carried out a study of excitement at a theme park. She measured the heart rate of people waiting in the queue for a roller coaster.

The student’s tutor said, ‘Using heart rate as a measure of excitement is an example of biological reductionism.’

Explain why measuring heart rate in this situation could be an example of biological reductionism.

1b
4 marks

Outline two non-biological ways of measuring excitement that the student could also use in this situation.

2
4 marks

Explain one strength and one limitation of a reductionist approach in psychology.

1
16 marks

‘Psychologists sometimes adopt a reductionist approach to their investigations when they want their research to be objective and empirical.’

Discuss reductionism in psychological research. Refer to the statement above in your answer.

2
16 marks

There are different levels of explanation in psychology, ranging from reductionism to holism.

Discuss levels of explanation in psychology. Refer to one or more topics in your answer

3
8 marks

Outline and evaluate reductionist explanations in psychology.