ASEnvironmental ManagementCambridge (CIE)Exam Questions4. Managing Ecosystems & Biodiversity4.1 Ecosystems

Ecosystems (Cambridge (CIE) AS Environmental Management): Exam Questions

Exam code: 8291

19 mins2 questions
1a5 marks

Fig. 4.1 is a food web that shows some feeding relationships in a rainforest.

Food web diagram showing animals and trees like eagle, snake, tiger, and avocado tree connected by arrows indicating predator-prey relationships.

Fig. 4.1

(i) Label the pyramid of biomass using an organism from each trophic level in a food chain within this food web.

Diagram of a biomass pyramid with three labelled horizontal bars of varying lengths, depicting different levels in an ecosystem.

[2]

(ii) Explain the shape of the pyramid of biomass shown in (a)(i).

[3]

How did you do?

1b2 marks

Table 4.1 shows data on productivity.

Table 4.1

type of land

average annual net primary productivity / g m–2

tropical rainforest

2200

agricultural

650

(i) Tropical rainforest is an example of an ecosystem.

Define ecosystem productivity

[1]

(ii)

Suggest one reason why the productivity of the agricultural land is much smaller than the tropical rainforest.

[1]

How did you do?

212 marks

In 2019, a major reforestation programme took place in Ethiopia.

350 million trees were planted over a 12-hour period in July.

(i) Suggest one reason why not all of the 350 million trees planted will grow into mature trees.

[1]

(ii) Suggest one reason why other countries do not have a similar reforestation programme.

[1]

(iii) Explain how reforestation can improve water security in a region.

[3]

(iv) In the past, eucalyptus trees were used to reforest areas of Ethiopia.

Eucalyptus trees are not native to Ethiopia.

Suggest the negative impacts of planting non-native trees.

[3]

(v) Explain how reforestation can help manage climate change.

[4]

How did you do?