Exam code: 7036
What is meant by internal deformation?
A type of weathering whereby ice breaks up rock into small fragments.
A way in which cold based glaciers move under the force of gravity, where great downward pressure is placed upon ice crystals.
A type of erosion which is responsible for the formation of meltwater channels as glaciers retreat.
This is basal sliding whereby temperatures at the base of the glacier are above freezing point causing the ice to slide.
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Distinguish between ablation and accumulation.
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What is ablation?
The build up of ice on a glacier due to snow and avalanches.
The loss of ice from a glacier as it melts and breaks up.
The movement of saturated soil downhill on top of permafrost.
The wearing away of bedrock by the action of ice moving over it.
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Which of the following describes a cold-based glacier?
A generally large mass of ice, where the ice remains frozen throughout its profile, with an absence of meltwater at its base.
A glacier usually found in temperate latitudes, with ice at the base reaching its pressure melting point leading to the presence of meltwater.
A mass of ice occupying a valley, where the presence of meltwater lubricates the base leading to basal sliding.
A small mass of ice occupying an armchair-shaped hollow on a mountain side, with the ice having a rotational flow.
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Which of the following describes a process of weathering in cold environments?
The breakdown of rock in a hollow under a snow patch as a result of frost action.
The breakdown of rock under a glacier by the action of sub-glacial meltwater.
The downhill movement of debris in cold environments under the influence of gravity.
The removal of rock from the land surface by glacial ice freezing to it and moving away.
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Which of the following are all periglacial landforms?
Blockfields, patterned ground, terracettes
Eskers, kames, outwash plains
Drumlins, erratics, thermokarst
Outwash plains, roches moutonneés, truncated spurs
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Outline characteristics of warm based glaciers.
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Assess the importance of processes of erosion in the formation of one or more landforms found in a glaciated landscape.
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What is the geomorphological process of plucking?
A process leading to the loss of mass from the glacier mainly due to melting.
One of a range of processes by which ice within a glacier is transported downhill from the zone of accumulation to the zone of ablation.
Erosion caused by a glacier freezing to the valley floor and sides, removing pieces of bedrock as the glacier moves.
Where material carried by a glacier wears away at the valley floor and sides.
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Outline the concept of the glacial budget.
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