Geothermal energy is a renewable form of energy derived from the natural heat stored within the Earth's crust. It is primarily sourced from the decay of radioactive materials and the residual heat from the Earth's formation. This heat can be harnessed by drilling wells to access steam or hot water reservoirs, which are then used to drive turbines for electricity generation or to provide direct heating. Unlike fossil fuels, geothermal energy produces very low greenhouse gas emissions, making it an environmentally friendly and sustainable energy source. It complements other renewable energy sources like wind and solar, and is particularly effective in regions with significant tectonic activity, such as Iceland and parts of the United States. However, most parts of the globe do not have areas where geothermal energy can be harnessed, making it difficult to be used as an energy source worldwide.
Examiner-written GCSE Physics revision resources that improve your grades 2x
- Written by expert teachers and examiners
- Aligned to exam specifications
- Everything you need to know, and nothing you don’t

Share this article