Strain Theory - GCSE Sociology Definition

Strain Theory is an idea used in sociology to explain why some people turn to crime. It suggests that when individuals can't achieve society's goals, like getting a good job or earning lots of money, through normal, legal ways, they might feel frustrated or stressed. This feeling of strain can lead them to break laws or rules in an attempt to achieve these goals. The theory was developed by sociologist Robert K. Merton, who believed that not everyone has the same chances to succeed because of things like money or social class. Understanding strain theory helps us learn why some people might make bad choices when they feel stuck or left out by society.