SQA Advanced Higher Physics specification (X857 77)
Understanding the exam specification is key to doing well in your SQA Advanced Higher Physics exam. It lays out exactly what you need to learn, how you'll be assessed, and what skills the examiners seek. Whether you're working through the course for the first time or revising for your final exams, the specification helps you stay focused and confident in your preparation.
We've included helpful revision tools to support you in putting the specification into practice. Wherever you're starting from, you'll find everything you need to feel prepared, from the official specification to high-quality resources designed to help you succeed.
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In the next section, you'll find a simplified summary of the official SQA Advanced Higher Physics specification, along with a breakdown of key topics, assessment structure, and useful study resources. We've also included links to topic-level guides and revision tools to help you put the specification into practice.
Contents
Disclaimer
This page includes a summary of the official SQA Advanced Higher Physics (X857 77) specification, provided to support your revision. While we've made every effort to ensure accuracy, Save My Exams is not affiliated with the awarding body.
For the most complete and up-to-date information, we strongly recommend consulting the official SQA specification PDF.
Specification overview
The Advanced Higher Physics course develops learners’ scientific understanding through the study of advanced theoretical and experimental physics. It aims to deepen knowledge of the physical world and the applications of physics in society and industry. Learners explore and apply concepts across mechanics, astrophysics, quantum theory, electromagnetism and data analysis. The course fosters critical thinking, problem solving, and the ability to design and conduct scientific investigations. It prepares candidates for further study in physics or related fields such as engineering, technology, or medical sciences.Subject content breakdown
Rotational motion and astrophysics
- Apply calculus to linear and angular motion; derive motion equations
- Analyse circular motion, centripetal force, angular velocity and acceleration
- Use torque, moment of inertia and angular momentum equations
- Apply conservation of angular momentum and energy principles
- Use gravitational laws, potential, orbital mechanics and escape velocity
- Understand general relativity: equivalence principle, spacetime curvature
- Analyse stellar physics: formation, fusion (p–p chain), H-R diagrams, stellar evolution
Quanta and waves
- Explain quantum phenomena: black-body radiation, spectra, photoelectric effect
- Apply photon energy, Bohr model and de Broglie wavelength equations
- Understand Heisenberg uncertainty and quantum tunnelling
- Analyse cosmic rays, solar wind and particle motion in magnetic fields
- Model SHM using differential equations; apply energy and force relationships
- Understand wave types, interference, stationary waves and harmonics
- Apply optical path, phase change, thin film interference and Brewster's law
- Interpret polarisation, reflection and applications
Electromagnetism
- Use electric field and potential concepts in point and uniform fields
- Analyse charged particle motion and energy in electric/magnetic fields
- Understand current and potential variation in RC and RL circuits
- Apply time constants, reactance, Lenz’s Law, inductance and EMF
- Describe electromagnetic radiation as orthogonal electric and magnetic fields
- Apply permittivity/permeability relationships to solve c = 1/√(ε₀μ₀)
Units, prefixes and uncertainties
- Use SI units, standard form, and significant figures correctly
- Identify and calculate random, systematic, scale and calibration uncertainties
- Apply propagation of uncertainty in measurements and calculated values
- Use error bars and evaluate accuracy, precision and significance
Assessment structure
Question Paper
- 155 marks, 3 hours
- Mixture of restricted- and extended-response questions
- Includes problem solving, data interpretation, experimental design
- Assesses breadth, application, and analytical thinking
- Contributes 75% of final grade (scaled to 120 marks)
- Data and relationships sheets provided
Project
- 30 marks (scaled to 40), contributes 25% of final grade
- In-depth investigation on a physics topic of the candidate's choice
- Involves planning, experimental work, analysis and evaluation
- Report includes abstract, theory, procedures, data, uncertainties, discussion
- Recommended 10–15 hours experimental work; report: 2500–4500 words
- Marked externally by SQA
Grading
- Total marks from both components determine A–D grade
- Grade A: consistently high-level application, analysis, and scientific literacy
- Grade C: sound understanding and effective reporting in physics contexts
Key tips for success
Doing well in your SQA Advanced Higher Physics isn't just about how much you study, but how you study. Here are a few proven tips to help you stay on track
- Start with a clear plan: Break the subject into topics and create a revision schedule that allows enough time for each. Start early to avoid last-minute stress.
- Focus on understanding, not memorising: Use our revision notes to build a strong foundation in each topic, making sure you actually understand the material.
- Practise regularly: Attempt past papers to familiarise yourself with the exam format and timing. Mark your answers to see how close you are to full marks.
- Be strategic with your revision: Use exam questions by topic to focus on weaker areas, and flashcards to reinforce important facts and terminology.
- Learn from mistakes: Whether it's from mock exams or practice questions, spend time reviewing what went wrong and why. This helps prevent repeat mistakes in the real exam.
- Stay balanced: Don't forget to take regular breaks, eat well, and get enough sleep, a healthy routine makes revision much more effective.
With the right approach and consistent practice, you'll build confidence and improve your chances of exam success.
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