National 5ChemistrySQAExam QuestionsNature’s ChemistryEveryday Consumer Products

Everyday Consumer Products (SQA National 5 Chemistry): Exam Questions

Exam code: X813 75

9 mins9 questions
1
1 mark

The structural formula for a compound is shown.

Chemical structure of butyric acid showing a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbonyl carbon, linked to a three-carbon alkyl chain (propyl group).

The name of this compound is

  • propanoic acid

  • propan-1-ol

  • butanoic acid

  • butan-1-ol.

Choose your answer

2
1 mark

Hydrogen bonds are a type of intermolecular force that exists between some molecules.

Hydrogen bonds will exist between molecules that contain a hydrogen atom directly bonded to an atom of either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

Which of the following substances will have hydrogen bonds between its molecules?

  • Chemical structure of dimethyl ether, with two carbon atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. Each carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
  • Chemical structure of trimethylamine, showing a central nitrogen atom bonded to three methyl groups, each with three hydrogen atoms.
  • Structural formula of methanol showing a central carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom and three hydrogen atoms, with another hydrogen bonded to oxygen.
  • Chemical structure of nitrogen trifluoride showing a nitrogen atom bonded to three fluorine atoms in a trigonal pyramidal shape.

Choose your answer

3
1 mark

Carboxylic acids can react to form compounds known as ketones.

Chemical equation showing acetic acid and propanoic acid combining to form propanone, carbon dioxide, and water.

Identify the ketone that can be formed by reacting the two carboxylic acids below.

Chemical reaction showing two molecular structures: ethanol with carbonyl group and pentanol with carbonyl group, plus sign between them.
  • Chemical structure of butanone showing a central carbon double-bonded to oxygen, connected to ethyl (C2H5) and pentyl (C5H11) groups.
  • Skeletal structure of butanone molecule showing carbonyl group with a central carbon double-bonded to oxygen, and single bonds to ethyl groups on either side.
  • Chemical structure of pentanone, showing a central carbon double-bonded to oxygen and single-bonded to two C5H11 groups on either side.
  • Chemical structure of 2-heptanone, with a central carbon double-bonded to oxygen and single-bonded to methyl (CH3) and pentyl (C5H11) groups.

Choose your answer

4
1 mark

Which line in the table correctly describes methanol compared to octan-1-ol?

Formula mass

Solubility in water

A

higher

lower

B

lower

lower

C

higher

higher

D

lower

higher

    Choose your answer

    5
    1 mark

    Sodium methanoate is produced in the reaction of

    • sodium oxide and methanol

    • sodium chloride and methanoic acid

    • sodium oxide and methanoic acid

    • sodium and methanol.

    Choose your answer

    6
    1 mark

    Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

    You may wish to use the data booklet to help you.

    • Structural formula of butane, showing a chain of four carbon atoms each bonded to hydrogen atoms.
    • Structural diagram of pentane, a saturated hydrocarbon, showing five carbon atoms and twelve hydrogen atoms bonded in a chain.
    • Structural formula of butanoic acid, showing a four-carbon chain with hydrogen atoms, a double-bonded oxygen, and a hydroxyl group at the end.
    • Structural formula of butanol, showing a four-carbon chain with hydrogen atoms and an OH group attached to the third carbon.

    Choose your answer

    7
    1 mark

    Which line in the table correctly describes the trends going from hexanoic acid to butanoic acid?

    Formula mass

    Solubility in water

    A

    increasing

    decreasing

    B

    decreasing

    increasing

    C

    decreasing

    decreasing

    D

    increasing

    increasing

      Choose your answer

      8
      1 mark
      Skeletal formula of 2-methylbutan-2-ol, showing carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and hydroxyl (OH) groups arranged in a branched structure.

      The systematic name for the above compound is

      • pentan-2-ol

      • pentan-4-ol

      • 1-methylbutan-3-ol

      • 4-methylbutan-2-ol.

      Choose your answer

      9
      1 mark

      Which of the following alcohols is the least soluble in water?

      • Butan-1-ol

      • Hexan-1-ol

      • Pentan-1-ol

      • Propan-1-ol

      Choose your answer