Exam code: 8291
Approximately one third of all food produced for human consumption is wasted.
In many low-income economy countries (LICs) food wastage occurs when food is stored.
Fig. 2.1 is a news report on a method for farmers to reduce food waste in Uganda, an LIC in Africa.
Fig. 2.1
Explain how the device described in Fig. 2.1 provides a sustainable method of food production in Uganda.
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Food wastage is one reason why there is a global shortage of food.
State two other reasons.
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The United Nations estimated that, in 2019, approximately 750 million people experienced severe levels of food insecurity.
(i) Define food insecurity
[2]
(ii) Describe causes of food insecurity.
[4]
Fig. 4.1 shows aeroponics, an agricultural technique for growing crop plants. Aeroponics is a strategy for improving food security.
The crop plants are grown without soil and have their roots in air. Water is sprayed onto the roots as a fine mist.
Fig. 4.1
Suggest benefits and limitations of aeroponics as a strategy for reducing food insecurity.
One other strategy for improving food security is the use of pesticides such as herbicides and fungicides.
Describe how pesticides improve food security.
Many crop plants are annual plants. An annual plant produces a crop in one year and then dies. Perennial plants live for more than two years and produce a crop each year. Plant breeders try to breed perennial crop plants from annual crop plants.
Suggest two advantages of perennial crops compared to annual crops.
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