Water & Carbon Cycles

The Water Cycle

Systems Approach

The Global Water Cycle

Changes in Magnitude of Water Stores

Drainage Basin System

Hydrographs

Impacts on the Water Cycle

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle Stores

Carbon Cycle Transfers

Physical Impacts on the Carbon Cycle

Human Impacts on the Carbon Cycle

The Carbon Budget

Water, Carbon & Life on Earth

Key Role in Supporting Life

Water, Carbon & Climate Change

Mitigating Impacts of Climate Change

Quantitative & Qualitative skills

Water & Carbon Skills

Coastal Systems & Landscapes

Coasts as Natural Systems

Coasts as a System

Coastal Systems & Processes

Coastal Systems

Sub-Aerial Processes

Marine Processes

Coastal Landscape Development

Landforms of the Coast

Sea Levels Changes

Coastal Management

Traditional Approaches to Management

Sustainable Integrated Approaches

Quantitative & Qualitative skills

Coastal Landscape Skills

Glacial Systems & Landscapes

Glaciers as Natural Systems

Glacial Systems

The Nature & Distribution of Cold Environments

Past Cold Environments

Present Day Distribution

Characteristics of Cold Environments

Glacial Systems & Processes

Glacial Characteristics

Glacial Processes

Periglacial Features

Glaciated Landscape Development

Glacial Landscapes

Fluvioglacial Processes & Landforms

Periglacial Landforms

Human Impacts on Cold Environments

Fragility of Cold Environments

Climate & Cold Environments

Management of Cold Environments

Quantitative & Qualitative skills

Glaciated Landscape Skills

Hazards

The Concept of Hazards

Hazards in Geographical Context

Human Responses to Hazards

Hazard Models

Plate Tectonics

Structure of the Earth

Plate Tectonics

Types, Processes & Landforms of Plate Margins

Magma Plumes

Volcanic Hazards

Vulcanicity & Tectonics

Forms of Volcanic Hazards

Prediction of Hazard Events

Impacts & Responses of Volcanic Activity

Seismic Hazards

Nature & Causes of Seismic Hazards

Prediction of Seismic Hazards

Impacts of Seismic Hazards

Management of Seismic Hazards

Storm Hazards

Nature & Causes of Tropical Storms

Prediction of Storm Hazards

Impacts & Responses to Storm Hazards

Fires in Nature

Nature & Causes of Wildfires

Impacts & Responses to Wildfires

Changing Places

The Nature & Importance of Places

Concept of Place

Perspectives on Place

Categories of Place

Character of Place

Relationships & Connections

Dynamics of Change

Meaning & Representation

Management & Manipulation of Place

Analysing Different Representations

Quantitative & Qualitative skills

Using Geospatial Data

Contemporary Urban Environments

Urbanisation

Global Patterns of Urbanisation

Megacities

Processes of Urbanisation

Urban Forms

Urban Form & Characteristics

Urban Landscape

The Post-Modern City

Urban Social & Economic Issues

Urbanisation & Inequalities

Managing Cultural Diversity

Urban Climate

Urban Microclimates

Urban Climates

Managing Pollution

Urban Drainage

Urban Precipitation

Drainage Management

River Restoration

Urban Waste & Disposal

Urban Waste Generation

Alternative Approaches to Waste

Other Contemporary Urban Issues

Contrasting Environmental Issues

Managing the Issues

Sustainable Urban Development

Environmental Impact

Dimensions of Sustainability

Sustainable Cities

Exam boards

• Edexcel AS Geography

Study tools

• AQA AS Geography · Past Papers

Related links

• AS Geography · Revision Notes
• AS Geography · Past Papers
• AQA AS Geography · Exam specification