1
3 marks
Define zonation in the context of ecological systems.
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Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2024
First exams 2026
Zonation, Succession & Change in Ecosystems (DP IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS): SL): Exam Questions
49 mins14 questions
2
1 mark
State one abiotic factor that can cause zonation.
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3
1 mark
Define the term succession.
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4
1 mark
Outline one difference between primary and secondary succession.
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5
1 mark
State one factor that increases as an ecosystem undergoes succession.
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1
4 marks
Outline how various factors influence the resilience of an ecosystem.
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2
2 marks
Explain how larger populations can affect ecosystem resilience.
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3
1 mark
The figure below shows how the dominant vegetation and crop production changes with altitude in the Andes mountain range in South America.
The changes in dominant vegetation shows a distinct pattern.
State the ecological term used to describe this pattern.
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4
3 marks
Outline how species diversity increases towards the later stages of succession.
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5
4 marks
Describe the processes involved in the formation of fertile soils from bare rock.
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6
3 marks
Discuss the factors contributing to the low resilience of coniferous forest monocultures.
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1
7 marks
The biomass, biodiversity and productivity of an ecosystem change as the ecosystem undergoes succession.
Explain how.
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2
9 marks
Discuss the extent to which the resilience of different biomes is influenced by their levels of primary productivity.
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3
9 marks
Discuss the extent to which succession increases the stability and resilience of ecosystems.
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