1
1 mark
Which one of the following was not a category of crime in Anglo-Saxon England?
Crimes against the person.
Crime against authority.
Crimes against nature.
Crimes against property.
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c1000–c1500: Crime & Punishment in Medieval England (Edexcel GCSE History: The Thematic & Historic Environment (Paper 1)): Exam Questions
Exam code: 1HI0
20 mins20 questions
2
1 mark
Which crime against property was considered to be the most serious crime in Anglo-Saxon England?
Arson.
Selling poor quality goods.
Petty theft.
Poaching.
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3
1 mark
Which king introduced the Murdrum Law?
Edward the Confessor.
King Harold Godwinson.
King William the Conqueror.
King William II.
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4
1 mark
Who was responsible for law enforcement in Anglo-Saxon England?
The local community and the Church.
The Church and the government.
The local community and the government.
The Church and town authorities.
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5
1 mark
What were tithings in Anglo-Saxon and Norman England?
A loud cry calling for the pursuit and capture of a criminal.
Solemn promises, often made before God.
People tasked with keeping the King’s Peace.
Groups of ten men over the age of 12 who were responsible for each others’ behaviour.
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6
1 mark
What type of court was introduced by Henry II in 1163?
Shire courts.
Hundred courts.
Church courts.
Royal courts.
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7
1 mark
What is the definition of corporal punishment in medieval England?
A punishment for crimes like petty theft, which usually included physical pain such as flogging.
A punishment for the most serious crimes, such as murder, which resulted in a hanging or beheading for the criminal.
A punishment for crimes like petty theft, which resulted in a hanging or beheading for the criminal.
A punishment for the most serious crimes, such as treason, which resulted in a life sentence in prison.
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8
1 mark
In what year does Henry III abolish trial by ordeal?
1218
1219
1220
1221
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9
1 mark
What is sanctuary?
Those accused of a crime could pick up a red hot weight and walk three paces with it. If the wound was clean three days later, they believed it to be innocent.
Those accused of a crime against the Church were sent to the Church courts to be tried.
Those accused of a crime could confess their crimes, and pay money to a church. This would allow them into heaven when they die.
Those accused of a crime could go to a church, and claim sanctuary for 40 days they could either attend their trial or leave the country. The sheriff was not allowed to arrest them.
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10
1 mark
What types of crime were the Church more concerned with in medieval England?
Corporal crimes.
‘Moral’ crimes.
Crimes against authority.
Crimes against property.
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1
1 mark
What consequence did the Forest Laws have on poaching?
Forest Laws made poaching a less serious crime in Norman England.
Forest Laws made poaching a more serious crime in Norman England.
Forest Laws made poaching legal in Norman England.
Forest Laws made poaching illegal in Norman England.
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2
1 mark
What was similar between Anglo-Saxon and Norman law enforcement?
The Normans continued to use the Anglo-Saxon shire reeves.
The Normans continue to use Church and Manor courts from the Anglo-Saxon period.
The Normans continued to use trial by ordeal and trial by jury from the Anglo-Saxon period.
The Normans continued to use foresters used by the Anglo-Saxons to enforce Forest Laws.
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3
1 mark
What consequence did class have on medieval punishment?
Class determined what method of corporal punishment someone received.
Class determined how much money a person would be fined in the Saxon Wergild.
Class determined how much money a person would be fined in the murdrum fine.
Class determined what method of punishment was given to someone who broke the Forest Laws.
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4
1 mark
What consequence did the reformer's criticisms of sanctuary and the benefit of clergy have on the medieval Church?
It strengthened the Church’s role in the criminal system in medieval England.
It caused people to protest the monarchy to make women equal to men under the law.
The Church started to lose its ability to offer protection, as sanctuary ended in 1536.
It caused more people to be able to read and write, as only those who could read a verse from Psalm 51 could claim the benefit of clergy.
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5
1 mark
Why was poaching seen as a ‘social crime’ throughout the medieval period?
It was against the law throughout the medieval period, but people in society didn’t disagree with it, as people did it to survive.
It was against the law throughout the medieval period, but it was a law against society as they killed animals belonging to the local community.
It was against the law throughout the medieval period, but people in society didn’t disagree with it because they only killed rabbits.
It was against the law throughout the medieval period, but it helped to maintain a low animal population of animals which were considered vermin, such as dear.
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1
1 mark
Why did medieval punishments change from the Anglo-Saxon period to the Norman period?
The Normans considered Anglo-Saxon punishments as harsh and changed them, such as the blood feud.
The Normans needed more money to pay for the invasion, so more fines were introduced as punishment in the medieval period.
Anglo-Saxons were hostile to the Norman takeover of 1066 and rebelled against the Normans, which led to a change in punishments.
The Normans removed the Anglo-Saxon idea of a prison as they did not work.
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2
1 mark
Why was the role of the local community so significant to medieval law enforcement?
The local community were significant as they worked closely with the sheriffs who were mainly responsible for law enforcement in the medieval period.
The local community were significant as they were responsible for protecting the noble class, as most laws were created to protect the wealthy.
The local community was responsible for deciding the punishment of criminals in medieval England.
The local community was responsible for reporting crimes, organising tithings, the hue and cry and helping to enforce justice, as there were no professional forces.
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3
1 mark
What change in the Church’s legal influence started because of the Constitutions of Clarendon?
Clergy were no longer able to claim sanctuary in churches, restricting their rights.
Clergy accused of serious crimes were to be tried in secular courts, reducing the Church’s legal autonomy.
The Constitutions of Clarendon abolished Church courts entirely, ending their role in law enforcement.
The Church was required to follow secular laws in all matters, including minor crimes.
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4
1 mark
What change in law enforcement occurred when trial by ordeal was abolished in 1219?
Church courts completely stopped trying moral crimes and handed them to secular courts.
The Church introduced new forms of trial by ordeal to replace the older, abolished ones.
Only secular courts were allowed to perform trial by ordeal after the Church stopped supporting it.
Trial by jury became more common, replacing the older system where God's judgment decided the guilt.
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5
1 mark
Why was the murdrum law, introduced by William I, significant in medieval England?
It was meant to protect Normans by making the murder of a Norman more serious than that of an Anglo-Saxon.
It made all murders punishable by death, regardless of the victim's identity.
It applied to all crimes, not just murder, and helped reduce crime across England.
It abolished the death penalty for murder and replaced it with fines.
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