GlossariesGCSE GlossariesGCSE Biology GlossaryChromosomes

Chromosomes - GCSE Biology Definition

Reviewed by: Lára Marie McIvor

Published

Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins, found in the nucleus of cells. They carry genetic information, which is passed from parents to offspring, and are responsible for determining everything about how an organism is formed and how it functions. In humans, there are 46 chromosomes in each cell, arranged in 23 pairs, with each parent contributing one chromosome to each pair. This genetic information is organised into units called genes, which control specific traits such as eye colour and height. Chromosomes play a crucial role in cell division, ensuring that new cells have the right amount of genetic material.

Examiner-written GCSE Biology revision resources that improve your grades 2x

  • Written by expert teachers and examiners
  • Aligned to exam specifications
  • Everything you need to know, and nothing you don’t
GCSE Biology revision resources

Share this article

Lára Marie McIvor

Reviewer: Lára Marie McIvor

Expertise: Biology, Psychology & Sociology Subject Lead

Lára graduated from Oxford University in Biological Sciences and has now been a science tutor working in the UK for several years. Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop confidence and facilitate learning.

The examiner written revision resources that improve your grades 2x.

Join now