Genetic Engineering - GCSE Biology Definition

Genetic engineering is a process where scientists change the DNA of an organism, like a plant, animal, or bacterium, to give it new traits or abilities. This is done by adding, removing, or altering certain genes within the organism's cells. For example, genetic engineering can be used to make crops grow faster, produce more food, or become resistant to pests and diseases. It can also help in medicine by creating bacteria that produce insulin for people with diabetes. By understanding and working with DNA this way, scientists can solve problems and improve many aspects of life.