National 5BiologySQAExam QuestionsUnit 2: Multicellular OrganismsControl and Communication

Control and Communication (SQA National 5 Biology): Exam Questions

Exam code: X807 75

30 mins16 questions
11 mark

The function of an inter neuron is to carry electrical impulses from

  • a motor neuron to a sensory neuron

  • an effector to a sensory neuron

  • a sensory neuron to a motor neuron

  • a motor neuron to an effector

Choose your answer

21 mark

Which row in the table identifies features of the hormone glucagon?

Site of production

Target organ

Effect

A

pancreas

liver

glycogen rightwards arrowglucose

B

liver

pancreas

glycogen rightwards arrowglucose

C

pancreas

liver

glucose rightwards arrowglycogen

D

liver

pancreas

glucose rightwards arrowglycogen

    Choose your answer

    3
    Sme Calculator    1 mark

    The table shows the number of people recorded as having diabetes in Scotland over a 5-year period.

    Year

    Number of people with diabetes

    1

    278 000

    2

    284 000

    3

    291 000

    4

    298 000

    5

    304 000

    Predict the number of people likely to have diabetes in year 10 if the average yearly increase continues.

    • 330 000

    • 336 500

    • 582 000

    • 608 000

    Choose your answer

    4a1 mark

    The diagram represents parts of the human nervous system.

    Diagram of the human nervous system with labels 'S' for the brain and 'T' for the spinal cord. Nerves are illustrated throughout the body.

    The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and one other structure.

    Name the other structure.

    How did you do?

    4b2 marks

    The structures labelled S and T in the diagram are parts of the brain.

    (i) Name structure S.

    [1]

    (ii) Give the function of structure T.

    [1]

    How did you do?

    4c1 mark

    State the role of receptors in the nervous system.

    How did you do?

    51 mark

    Which statement describes a function of the cerebrum?

    • Remembering the rules of rugby.

    • Increasing heart rate during a sprint.

    • Co‑ordinating movement of muscles when playing football.

    • Maintaining balance during yoga.

    Choose your answer

    61 mark

    Which row in the table identifies a hormone, its site of production and its target tissue?

    Hormone

    Site of hormone production

    Target tissue

    A

    insulin

    liver

    pancreas

    B

    glycogen

    pancreas

    liver

    C

    glucose

    liver

    pancreas

    D

    glucagon

    pancreas

    liver

      Choose your answer

      71 mark

      A study was carried out to investigate the relationship between age and reaction time.

      The results are shown in the graph.

      Bar chart showing reaction times by age and gender. Males and females aged 66+ have longest times; under 35s have shortest. Key indicates age groups.

      Which of the following conclusions is correct for these results?

      • Reaction time always increases with age for both males and females.

      • Reaction time always decreases with age for both males and females.

      • Females have a lower reaction time than males in each age group.

      • Males have a lower reaction time than females in each age group.

      Choose your answer

      8a3 marks

      The diagram represents a reflex arc when a person touches a cactus plant.

      Diagram illustrating a reflex arc: a hand touches a cactus, triggering nerve impulses via receptors to the spinal cord, leading to a muscle response.

      (i) Identify neurons Y and Z.

      [2]

      Neuron Y................................................................................

      Neuron Z................................................................................

      (ii) State how messages are transferred at a synapse.

      [1]

      How did you do?

      8b1 mark

      Identify the effector in this reflex arc.

      How did you do?

      8c1 mark

      State the function of a reflex.

      How did you do?

      91 mark

      Which row in the table shows the functions controlled by each part of the brain?

      Cerebrum

      Medulla

      Cerebellum

      A

      coordination and balance

      breathing and heart rate

      conscious thought

      B

      breathing and heart rate

      conscious thought

      coordination and balance

      C

      conscious thought

      breathing and heart rate

      coordination and balance

      D

      conscious thought

      coordination and balance

      breathing and heart rate

        Choose your answer

        101 mark

        Hormones are

        • electrical messengers that travel along neurons

        • chemical messengers that travel along neurons

        • electrical messengers that travel in the bloodstream

        • chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream.

        Choose your answer

        11a
        Sme Calculator        2 marks

        The graph shows the number of people in Scotland with type 2 diabetes over a period of nine years.

        Bar chart showing increase in type 2 diabetes from 2008 to 2016, with numbers rising from 150,000 to over 250,000 every two years.

        (i) Identify the number of people with type 2 diabetes in 2012.

        [1]

        (ii) If the trend shown continued, predict the number of people that would be expected to have type 2 diabetes in 2018.

        [1]

        How did you do?

        11b2 marks

        Insulin is a hormone involved in the regulation of blood glucose.

        (i) Insulin has an effect on cells in the liver

        Explain why insulin does not affect cells in other organs.

        [1]

        (ii) Describe the reaction that occurs in the liver cells in response to insulin.

        [1]

        How did you do?

        11c1 mark

        Name the type of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.

        How did you do?

        121 mark

        A patient is diagnosed with a tumour in the part of the brain labelled X.

        Diagram of a human brain cross-section with the cerebellum labelled 'X', showcasing its position at the lower back part of the brain.

        Which of the following effects on brain function might the patient experience due to the tumour?

        • Memory loss

        • Irregular heart rate

        • Increased breathing rate

        • Loss of balance

        Choose your answer

        131 mark

        Which of the following shows the pathway involved in a reflex arc after a person touches a very hot object?

        • Sensory neuron rightwards arrowbrain rightwards arrowmotor neuron

        • Sensory neuron rightwards arrowinter neuron rightwards arrowmotor neuron

        • Motor neuron rightwards arrowbrain rightwards arrowsensory neuron

        • Motor neuron rightwards arrowinter neuron rightwards arrowsensory neuron

        Choose your answer

        141 mark

        The flowchart shows how the water concentration of blood in the human body is controlled by a hormone.

        Flowchart showing how the brain detects low blood water, releases a hormone, kidneys regulate water, and blood water concentration normalises.

        The target tissue for this hormone is the:

        • brain

        • endocrine gland

        • kidneys

        • blood

        Choose your answer

        151 mark

        Insulin is involved in the regulation of blood glucose.

        Which row in the table describes the response to an increased concentration of insulin in the blood?

        Concentration of glycogen in the liver

        Concentration of glucose in the bloodstream

        A

        increases

        increases

        B

        increases

        decreases

        C

        decreases

        increases

        D

        decreases

        decreases

          Choose your answer

          16a3 marks

          Multicellular organisms require efficient communication amongst their cells, tissues and organs.

          (i) Name the chemical messengers carried from one part of the human body to another in the blood.

          [1]

          (ii) Explain why only the target tissues are affected by these chemical messengers.

          [2]

          How did you do?

          16b1 mark

          Chemical messengers are also found in plants.

          Name a transport structure through which these chemicals could flow to move around the plant.

          How did you do?