6.3 Thinking Procedurally (OCR A Level Computer Science) Flashcards
Exam code: H446
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Define abstraction.
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Define abstraction.
Abstraction is the act of removing unimportant details from a problem in order to focus on the essential components needed for a solution.
What is the purpose of decomposition when solving a problem?
Decomposition involves breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable sub-problems to make it easier to understand and solve.
When modelling a football field in a program, you do not need to represent every blade of grass. This is an example of .
When modelling a football field in a program, you do not need to represent every blade of grass. This is an example of abstraction.
True or False?
Identifying components of a problem may involve determining the number of classes or students when calculating grades.
True.
When solving problems like calculating grades, it is important to identify components such as the number of classes or students, which are essential for the solution.
Define solution component.
A solution component is a part of the overall solution that matches an identified aspect of the problem, such as classes, students, assessments, or grades.
Identifying the of a problem allows you to match them with the used to solve it.
Identifying the components of a problem allows you to match them with the components used to solve it.
What does procedural abstraction mean in the context of solving problems?
Procedural abstraction means using a procedure to execute a sequence of instructions in order to achieve a goal in problem solving.
True or False?
A procedure in programming always refers to a subroutine that does not return a value.
False.
In this context, a procedure is simply a unit of computation that performs a single task, not necessarily a subroutine that does not return a value.
Define decomposition.
Decomposition is the act of breaking a problem down into smaller, more understandable and more easily solved sub-problems.
What is the purpose of decomposition in problem solving?
The purpose of decomposition is to make complex problems easier to solve by breaking them into smaller, more manageable sub-problems.
Top-down design involves breaking down a problem into and then into smaller sub-tasks.
Top-down design involves breaking down a problem into major tasks and then into smaller sub-tasks.
Define top-down design.
Top-down design is a method of decomposition that breaks down a problem into major tasks and then into smaller sub-tasks until each can be solved by a single subroutine.
True or False?
Each sub-task in top-down design should be clear, easily solved, and unable to be broken down further.
True.
Each sub-task in top-down design should be clear, easily solved, and not further divisible.
An advantage of using decomposition is that each subroutine is to test and maintain, especially with unit testing.
An advantage of using decomposition is that each subroutine is simpler to test and maintain, especially with unit testing.
Why is it convenient to reuse subroutines rather than rewriting code?
Reusing subroutines is convenient because it saves development time and reduces errors, as tested code can be used in multiple places without rewriting.
To calculate the average grade for a student, add up the grades for each assessment, by the number of assessments, and store the result.
To calculate the average grade for a student, add up the grades for each assessment, divide by the number of assessments, and store the result.
Define hierarchy chart.
A hierarchy chart is a diagram showing problem decomposition where a problem is broken down into subproblems in a tree structure.
What does a hierarchy chart show in problem decomposition?
A hierarchy chart shows how a problem is divided into subproblems and how those subproblems are related in a tree-like structure.
Problems can be decomposed using tables and lists, but for problems, are preferred.
Problems can be decomposed using tables and lists, but for larger problems, diagrams are preferred.
Why are diagrams preferred over tables and lists for decomposing larger problems?
Diagrams are preferred for larger problems because they clearly show the structure and relationships between sub-procedures, making complex decompositions easier to understand.
True or False?
Hierarchy charts can only be created on paper.
False.
Hierarchy charts can be created on paper, digitally, or programmatically by software.
What is the purpose of sub-procedures in modular game design?
Sub-procedures in modular game design break the program into smaller, manageable tasks, making the code easier to develop, debug, and maintain.
A hierarchy chart is depicted as a structure, in which each can be divided into subproblems.
A hierarchy chart is depicted as a tree structure, in which each problem can be divided into subproblems.
Give two examples of sub-procedures Mabel could create for her computer game.
Mabel could create sub-procedures to select a character (including name and gender) and choose a level (difficulty).
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