1a
3 marks
State the three main categories on the spectrum of environmental value systems.
1b
2 marks
Outline two basic principles of an ecocentric viewpoint.
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Environmental Value Systems (DP IB Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS): SL): Exam Questions
51 mins10 questions
2a
2 marks
Complete the diagram below using the following groups:
Self-reliance soft ecologists
Environmental managers
Deep ecologists
Cornucopians
2b
1 mark
Distinguish between deep ecologists and cornucopians.
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3a
2 marks
Outline two main aims of the environmental movement.
3b
1 mark
State one international conference or agreement that has contributed to the environmental movement.
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4
1 mark
Outline the concept of intrinsic value.
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1a
2 marks
Explain what is meant by the term environmental value system.
1b
4 marks
Outline two inputs and two outputs of environmental value systems.
Include examples of each input and output in your answer.
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2a
4 marks
Compare and contrast anthropocentrism and technocentrism as different environmental value systems.
2b
2 marks
Different environmental value systems can lead to varying approaches in addressing the challenge of global warming.
Discuss how an ecocentric perspective can contribute to the management of global warming.
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3a
3 marks
Discuss the impact of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring on the development of the environmental movement.
3b
3 marks
Explain how a named major environmental disaster has influenced the development of the modern environmental movement.
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4a
3 marks
James Lovelock’s book Gaia (1979) played an important role in the environmental movement.
Outline how the Gaia hypothesis acts as a model of the global ecosystem.
4b
2 marks
Traditional anthropocentric ideas about how the global ecosystem works differed somewhat from the Gaia hypothesis when this model was first proposed by James Lovelock in the 1970s.
Suggest how.
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1
7 marks
Discuss the implications of two contrasting environmental value systems, ecocentrism and anthropocentrism, in addressing the environmental issue of deforestation.
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2
9 marks
Evaluate the effectiveness of international agreements in promoting global environmental sustainability.
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