Technology: Learning & Cognition (DP IB Psychology: HL): Exam Questions

Source 2

A study investigated whether smartphone multitasking during a lecture affects students’ recall. The sample consisted of UK college students.

During a lecture, one group listened while being encouraged to use their smartphones for unrelated activities (e.g., scrolling or checking emails). The other group listened with their smartphones kept out of reach. After the lecture, all students completed a 20-question recall test on the lecture content.

Two months later, the procedure was repeated, with students switching conditions. Scores were converted into percentages.

Table 1 shows the mean recall scores and standard deviations for each condition.

Table 1: Mean and standard deviation scores of recall per condition

Analyse the findings from source 2 and state a conclusion linked to the claim that technology has an effect on memory.

Source 3

A researcher conducted narrative interviews with older adults to explore how technology may act as a source of stress in everyday life. 20 participants aged 65–80, who regularly used digital technologies such as smartphones, online banking, or healthcare apps, took part in the study.

A thematic analysis identified the following themes:

• Participants described feelings of overwhelm and frustration when using unfamiliar technologies

• Some reported fear of making irreversible mistakes, such as deleting important information

• Many expressed anxiety about keeping up with rapid technological change

Discuss how the researcher could improve the credibility of the findings in source 3.

To what extent can we conclude that technology affects cognitive processes? In your answer, use your own knowledge and at least three of sources 2–5 (opens in a new tab).