Environmental Issues: Exam Skills (AQA GCSE Spanish): Revision Note

Exam code: 8692

Carolina Hernández Domínguez

Written by: Carolina Hernández Domínguez

Reviewed by: Amy Bates

Updated on

Environmental issues: listening

This models a dictation (Section B) task, which tests transcription and comprehension. The sentences incorporate key vocabulary and modality.

Worked Example

You will hear five short sentences. Listen carefully and write down in Spanish exactly what you hear for each sentence.

1.
00:00
/
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2.
00:00
/
00:00
3.
00:00
/
00:00
4.
00:00
/
00:00
5.
00:00
/
00:00

[10 marks]

Answer:

  1. Tenemos que evitar las botellas de plástico. (We have to avoid plastic bottles.)

  2. Es importante proteger el medioambiente. (It is important to protect the environment.)

  3. La contaminación la causan los coches. (Cars cause pollution.)

  4. Deberíamos ahorrar más energía cada día. (We should save more energy every day.)

  5. Los animales tienen muchos problemas por el cambio climático. (Animals have a lot of problems due to climate change.)

Audio script:

  1. Tenemos que evitar las botellas de plástico.

  2. Es importante proteger el medioambiente.

  3. La contaminación la causan los coches.

  4. Deberíamos ahorrar más energía cada día.

  5. Los animales tienen muchos problemas por el cambio climático.

Examiner Tips and Tricks

  • For dictation, the first word is often the most critical structural element. Identify the modal verb (Tenemos que) to determine the grammatical framework for the rest of the sentence

  • When transcribing solutions or problems (e.g., las botellas de plástico), quickly check for plural endings (-s) on all connected words (noun, article, adjective) to maximise your accuracy marks

Environmental issues: speaking

Here you will find a task for Foundation Tier (Role-play, focused on necessity) and one for Higher Tier (Conversation, focused on complex suggestion).

Worked Example

Foundation Tier

Imagine you are talking to a friend about the environment in your town.

  1. Say one environmental problem where you live. (Give one detail)

  2. Say what one must do to protect the air. (Give one detail)

  3. Say what you recycled last week. (Give one detail)

  4. Say what you are going to do to help next year. (Give one detail)

  5. Ask a question about pollution.

[10 marks]

Answer:

  1. Hay demasiada contaminación del aire. (There is too much air pollution.)

  2. Hay que reducir el tráfico. (One must reduce traffic.)

  3. Reciclé papel y tres botellas. (I recycled paper and three bottles.)

  4. Voy a caminar más a pie. (I am going to walk more on foot.)

  5. ¿Por qué es tan grave la contaminación? (Why is pollution so serious?)

Examiner Tips and Tricks

Tasks asking for solutions or actions (e.g., "what one must do") are designed to elicit the structure hay que + infinitive or deber + infinitive. Using these will immediately make you meet the complexity requirement for 2 marks.

Worked Example

Higher Tier

Read aloud the text below about environmental action, and then answer four compulsory questions related to the topic of The environment and where people live.

Los animales sufren mucho a causa del cambio climático. Por eso, todos tenemos que hacer un esfuerzo para proteger el medioambiente. Yo solía tirar la basura al suelo, pero ya no. Ahora reciclo y evito usar productos químicos. El gobierno debe promover el desarrollo sostenible para salvar el futuro.

  1. ¿Crees que los ciudadanos tienen la responsabilidad de reducir la contaminación, o es trabajo del gobierno?

  2. ¿qué medidas tomarías para combatir el cambio climático global?

  3. En el pasado, ¿cómo crees que fue destruido el entorno natural en tu región?

  4. ¿Qué harás en el futuro para promover el desarrollo sostenible?

[15 marks]

Answer:

  1. Pienso que la responsabilidad es compartida. Los ciudadanos tienen que reciclar y reducir el consumo de energía, pero el gobierno debe tener leyes y promover el cambate contra la contaminación.

    (English : I think that the responsibility is shared. Citizens have to recycle and reduce energy consumption, but the government must have laws and promote the fight against pollution.)

  2. Me gustaría proponer que se prohíba la entrada de coches al centro. Haría falta salvar el planeta lo antes posible.

    (English : I would like to propose that the entry of cars into the centre be prohibited. It would be necessary to save the planet as soon as possible.)

  3. Creo que el entorno fue destruido por el desarrollo industrial rápido. Las fábricas emitieron mucho humo y quitaron bosques enteros a causa de la falta de conciencia.

    (English: I believe that the environment was destroyed by rapid industrial development. Factories emitted too many fumes and entire forests were taken down because of a lack of awareness.)

  4. Estudiaré ingeniería para diseñar edificios limpios en el futuro. También participaré en manifestaciones para promover la protección de la naturaleza en mi comunidad.

    (English : I will study engineering to design clean buildings in the future. I will also participate in protests to promote the protection of nature in my community.)

Examiner Tips and Tricks

When discussing solutions or responsibility, effectively employ the modal verbs (deber, tener que) or impersonal structures (hay que) to show necessity, which is the specific grammar focus for this topic

Environmental issues: reading

Here you will see an activity that models a straightforward matching task at Foundation Tier, and a comprehension task at Higher Tier.

Worked Example

Foundation Tier

Read the four comments below (1–4) made by citizens about environmental solutions. Match the citizen's comment to the correct thematic area (A–D). Write the correct letter in the box.

Comments:

  1. Hay que reducir la cantidad de basura en las calles.

  2. Debemos evitar los coches y caminar más a pie para proteger el aire.

  3. Es importante ahorrar agua y no tirar botellas al río.

  4. Podemos apagar las luces cuando salimos de casa para ahorrar energía.

A. Water protection
B. Air pollution
C. Energy consumption
D. Waste reduction

[4 marks]

Answer:

  1. D (The word basura directly links to waste reduction.)

  2. B (The words coches and aire link to air pollution.)

  3. A (The words agua and río link to water protection.)

  4. C (The words luces and energía link to energy consumption.)

Examiner Tips and Tricks

  • For this type of direct retrieval, immediately isolate the most specific noun in the comment (e.g., basura, coches, luces). This specific vocabulary item will lead you directly to the correct thematic area

  • Pay attention to verbs like hay que (one must) and debemos (we must). In the context of environmental issues, these verbs signal that the following phrase describes a solution or action that must be taken

Worked Example

Higher Tier

Read the following text:

La riqueza del planeta está amenazada por el cambio climático. Las especies en peligro sufrirán graves consecuencias.

El desarrollo sostenible será promovido por el gobierno; sin embargo, la solución es responsabilidad de todos los habitantes.

A pesar de las noticias negativas, es evitable la destrucción si se invierte en energía limpia.

Answer the following questions in English. Write the correct letter.

  1. Climate change is a threat to the planet’s…

    A. health. B. wealth. C. nature.

  2. Finding a solution is the responsibility of…

    A. the government. B. the media. C. all inhabitants.

  3. Destruction is avoidable if people invest in…

    A. clean energy. B. new technology. C. sustainable habits.

  4. Endangered species will…

    A. be rescued. B. face consequences. C. disappear now.

[4 marks]

Answer:

  1. B (The noun riqueza translates to wealth or riches, a Higher Tier vocabulary item).

  2. C (The text states responsibility belongs to todos los habitantes).

  3. A (The author explicitly mentions energía limpia).

  4. B (The future tense sufrirán and adjective graves confirm they will face consequences).

Examiner Tips and Tricks

  • When completing sentence endings, always look for synonyms or paraphrased ideas in the options. For example, the text uses riqueza, and the correct option uses the direct English translation wealth. Identifying key Higher Tier vocabulary (like habitante or sufrir) is the most effective way to eliminate plausible distractors

  • Mastering these questions is like solving a jigsaw puzzle; you must find the piece in the options (the sentence ending) that fits perfectly with the logic and vocabulary found in the text

Environmental issues: writing

Here you will find a task that models a grammar gap fill at Foundation Tier, checking accuracy in the use of modal structures and negative terms relevant to the environment, as well as a translation from English into Spanish task at Higher Tier.

Worked Example

Foundation Tier

Complete the following five sentences by writing the correct Spanish word to fill the gap. Choose from the three options provided.

  1. Los ciudadanos deberían ______ el cambio climático.
    (Options: evitar / evitan / evité)

  2. No hay ______ tirar basura al suelo.
    (Options: que / qué / qué hacer)

  3. Se puede reciclar el plástico ______ todas partes.
    (Options: a / en / para)

  4. No deberías usar ______ producto químico peligroso.
    (Options: alguno / ningún / algunas)

  5. Si quieres proteger el entorno, tienes ______ actuar ya.
    (Options: que / qué / lo)

[5 marks]

Answer:

  1. Los ciudadanos deberían evitar el cambio climático.

  2. No hay que tirar basura al suelo.

  3. Se puede reciclar el plástico en todas partes.

  4. No deberías usar ningún producto químico peligroso.

  5. Si quieres proteger el entorno, tienes que actuar ya.

Examiner Tips and Tricks

  • For the grammar gap fill, if the options are modal structures (tener que, hay que), look at the preceding verb: Tengo (I have) pairs with que; impersonal subjects like No (negation) usually pair with hay que if obligation is intended

  • For prepositions, ensure you choose the one that works logically within the phrase (e.g., action taking place en todas partes / in all places

Worked Example

Higher Tier

Translate the following sentences into Spanish.

  1. Climate change is the greatest problem that the planet suffers now.

  2. We should be conscious of the damage so we promote an adecuate development.

  3. The city council should build more green spaces to avoid the pollution caused by cars.

  4. Citizens should recycle all the plastic.

  5. The forest was destroyed by fire.

[10 marks]

Answer:

  1. El cambio climático es el mayor problema que sufre el planeta actualmente.

  2. Deberíamos ser conscientes del daño, para promover un desarrollo adecuado.

  3. El ayuntamiento debería construir más espacios verdes para evitar la contaminación causada por los coches.

  4. Los ciudadanos deben reciclar todo el plástico.

  5. El bosque fue destruido por fuego.

Examiner Tips and Tricks

  • When translating duty or advice (e.g., "should build"), use the correct modal verb structure, such as debería + infinitive, or hay que + infinitive, ensuring the conjugation matches the subject (e.g., El ayuntamiento debería...)

  • For phrases indicating cause or destruction (e.g., "caused by cars"), be prepared to use the passive voice structure (fue destruido por) or the past participle acting as an adjective (contaminación causada por)

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Carolina Hernández Domínguez

Author: Carolina Hernández Domínguez

Expertise: Spanish Content Creator

Spanish Content Creator

Amy Bates

Reviewer: Amy Bates

Expertise: French and Spanish Content Creator

Amy writes content for Spanish and French at Save My Exams.