Explain why a business manager needs to understand the difference between capital expenditure and revenue expenditure.
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Exam code: 9609
Explain why a business manager needs to understand the difference between capital expenditure and revenue expenditure.
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Priya’s Bookshop (PB)
Priya lives in town R which is situated in beautiful countryside with nice walks nearby. Many tourists visit town R.
The town’s council would like town R to become branded as a ‘booktown’, a town with many bookshops selling new and used books. The council announced a new financial scheme offering grants to attract entrepreneurs willing to open a bookshop.
Priya applied for a grant to start up Priya’s Bookshop (PB). Part of her grant application included a cash flow forecast, shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1: Cash flow forecast, first three months of trading ($000)
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | |
Cash in: | |||
Owner’s capital | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Grant | 20 | 0 | 0 |
Revenue | 4 | 6 | 11 |
Cash out: | |||
Initial set up costs | 20 | 0 | 0 |
Utilities (power, water etc) | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Employee costs | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Purchases | 6 | 3 | 4 |
Marketing | 10 | 5 | 4 |
Opening balance | 0 | 2 | -1 |
Closing balance | 2 | -1 | X |
Priya’s grant application was successful and she opened PB well aware of the need for both cash and profit.
Priya now wants to raise awareness of PB in town R. Priya did some market research and decided to use market segmentation. This will help her to decide on the promotional methods she could use for her bookshop. See Table 1.2.
Table 1.2: Age and gender of residents in town R
Age group (years) | Percentage of residents in age group | Percentage of age group who are female |
0-15 | 19% | 50% |
16-64 | 63% | 55% |
65+ | 18% | 60% |
Explain the difference between cash and profit (line 23).
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GT is a private limited company fully owned by the Gemini family. It owns a small theatre. This building is used to show live stage performances. Some of the performances are created by GT and some are created by visiting groups who rent the theatre.
Table 2.1: Planned performances for January 2021.
Name of performance | Created by | Number of performances | Ticket price | Percentage of tickets sold |
A Summer Dream | Visiting group | 9 | $40 | 100% |
Wise Owl | GT | 14 | $15 | 60% |
La Poeme Ballet | GT | 5 | $20 | 40% |
GT gains all the revenue from performances created by GT. Visiting groups must pay 50% of their total ticket revenue to GT. The theatre has a maximum of 250 tickets that can be sold for each performance.
GT uses cost-based pricing to set each ticket price for its own performances. Each performance makes a profit but the company often experiences cash flow problems.
GT needs to recruit a new Theatre Manager. The person hired will have many duties, including the responsibility for all of GT’s administration as well as some accounting. The Directors are considering two people who were both recently interviewed.
Table 2.2 contains information gained from the interview process
Nick | Portia |
|
Looking for a long-term career |
Explain the difference between ‘cash’ (line 15) and ‘profit’ (line 15).
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