1
1 mark
The diagrams below are various models of metallic bonding.
Which models represent pure metals?
Models A and B
Models C and D
Models B and C
Models A and D
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Ionic Crystals & Metals (College Board AP® Chemistry): Exam Questions
53 mins21 questions
2
1 mark
The diagrams below are various models of metallic bonding.
Which model represents a substitutional alloy, such as brass?
Model A
Model B
Models B and C
Model D
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3
1 mark
The diagrams below are various models of metallic bonding.
Which model represents an alloy that is less malleable, harder and has a higher melting point?
Model B
Models B and C
Model C
Model D
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4
1 mark
Which of the following statements explains why ionic solids tend to have high melting points?
The particles in ionic solids are small and vibrate easily.
The ions in the solid are arranged in a way that maximizes repulsion, leading to strong forces.
Ionic solids contain delocalized electrons that conduct heat.
Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions in a 3-D lattice require significant energy to overcome.
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1
1 mark
Which of the following conditions must be true for a substitutional alloy to form?
The two metals must have different atomic radii.
The two metals must have significantly different electronegativities.
The two metals must have similar atomic radii and chemical properties.
The two metals must be in the same group of the periodic table.
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2
1 mark
Which of the following compounds contains the anion that is the most polarised?
LiF
LiI
KF
KI
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3
1 mark
Which of the following elements is most likely to form an interstitial alloy with iron?
tungsten
silver
potassium
boron
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4
1 mark
Which of the following statements explains why the interstitial alloy steel has different properties to pure iron?
Carbon atoms increase the density of the iron lattice.
Carbon atoms weaken the Coulombic forces in the lattice.
Carbon atoms occupy the spaces between iron atoms, strengthening the lattice.
Carbon atoms substitute for iron atoms, maintaining uniformity.
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1
1 mark
Considering the structure of ionic crystals, which of the following is incorrect?
The systematic arrangement maximizes the Coulombic forces of attraction between positive ions and the sea of delocalized electrons.
The systematic arrangement minimizes the Coulombic forces of repulsion between equally charged ions.
Ions are arranged in a close packed regular lattice of alternating charged ions.
The strength of the Coulombic forces between the ions is proportional to the magnitude of the charge of the ions.
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2
1 mark
Piano strings are made from an alloy of iron and carbon, with a small amount of manganese, known as spring steel. The resulting steel-manganese alloy has an especially high tensile strength, allowing it to withstand high amounts of tension without breaking.
Which of the following diagrams best represents the structure of spring steel?
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3
1 mark
Which combination of factors would most significantly increase the melting point of an ionic crystal?
Decreased ion charge and increased ionic radius
Increased ion charge and decreased ionic radius
Uniform ion sizes and minimal charge differences
Maximized lattice symmetry without charge considerations
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4
1 mark
Which of the following statements explains why substitutional alloys like brass are malleable?
Substitutional alloys have free-moving delocalized electrons.
Substituting atoms prevent dislocation movement in the lattice.
Atoms in substitutional alloys are held together by weak van der Waals forces.
Substituting atoms maintain the metallic bonding’s sea of electrons.
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