AP®GeographyCollege BoardHuman GeographyExam QuestionsIndustrial & Economic Development Patterns & ProcessesTrade & the World Economy

Trade & the World Economy (College Board AP® Human Geography): Exam Questions

20 mins20 questions
1
1 mark

Privatization is 

  • Government policies that aim to reduce government spending. This can include raising taxes or cutting funding.

  • Reducing restrictions and barriers for trade.

  • Removing rules or regulations, typically set out by the government, in certain industries, including environmental laws.

  • The ease of exporting and importing, without barriers or tariffs. 

  • The ownership of property, industry and business, by private companies, rather than the government or state.

Choose your answer

2
1 mark

Brexit refers to which major political event? 

  • The United Kingdom leaving the European Union.

  • The introduction of agricultural policies to improve productivity and support agricultural workers. 

  • European Union expansion into Eastern Europe post-Cold War.

  • The accession of Ukraine in the EU.

  • The founding of the European Union.

Choose your answer

3
1 mark

Which of the following best describes why countries may specialize in certain products? 

  • Special Economic Zones

  • Post-Fordist production

  • Growth poles

  • Comparative and Complementary Advantage 

  • Multiplier effect

Choose your answer

4
1 mark

Which of the following is an example of interdependence?

  • The cheap imports of textile products from China, in exchange for exports of technology from the US. 

  • Reducing storage costs, in order to improve efficiency with production systems.

  • A bank provides a small amount of money to some local women to purchase sewing machines so they can learn to make clothes and earn money

  • Paying customs tax on buying something abroad.

  • Creation of trade policies between nations of the world.

Choose your answer

5
1 mark

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a neoliberal policy?

  • Favoring privatization instead of public/government control 

  • Eliminating import and export taxes

  • Getting rid of tariffs

  • Removing customs duties

  • Increasing state involvement

Choose your answer

6
1 mark

How many states are part of the European Union?

  • 25

  • 10

  • 30

  • 27

  • 40

Choose your answer

7
1 mark

What is OPEC responsible for? 

  • Dealing with goods, capital and services and people in member states, focused in South America

  • Allowing free movement and trade for members in Europe

  • Dealing with trade globally

  • Supporting the promotion of health and safety around the world

  • Dealing with policies and prices of oil for member countries

Choose your answer

8
1 mark

Economic conflicts, where countries impose barriers to limit trade, is known as

  • Tariff

  • Trade war

  • Supernational organization

  • Recession

  • Free trade agreement

Choose your answer

9
1 mark

What may result from a recession?

  • Stock market crash

  • A rise in wealth, employment and bolstered economic development

  • The inability of a government to pay off loans

  • Economic decline, unemployment and reduced spending

  • Deindustrialization

Choose your answer

10
1 mark

The movement of labor and production overseas, typically in lower-income countries, is known as

  • Outsourcing

  • Offshoring

  • Export Processing Zones

  • Agglomeration

  • Growth Poles

Choose your answer

11
1 mark

Which of the following is not an example of post-Fordist production? 

  • Increased automation

  • Just-in-time delivery

  • Lean manufacturing

  • Flexible specialization

  • Assembly line manufacturing

Choose your answer

12
1 mark

A decline in industrial production and manufacturing, causing a decline in an area, is known as

  • Industrialization

  • Outsourcing

  • Automation

  • Agglomeration

  • Deindustrialization 

Choose your answer

13
1 mark

Many middle-class jobs are being lost, leaving people unemployed. This has been a result of

  • Agglomeration

  • Industrialization

  • Fordism

  • Automation

  • Tariffs

Choose your answer

14
1 mark

As more developed countries follow the process of deindustrialization, what happens to less developed countries? 

  • Industrial production and manufacturing increase

  • They also deindustrialize 

  • They begin to outsource their labor

  • Cities in LDCs begin to experience urban decay

  • Companies in LDCs will see their profits rise as manufacturing is now in a cheaper location

Choose your answer

15
1 mark

Why are Special Economic Zones so attractive to MDC companies? 

  • They are often incentivized with cheap labor and tax breaks

  • They receive foreign investment

  • Employment opportunities will often rise for workers

  • No tariffs or customs duties apply

  • It results in deindustrialization 

Choose your answer

16
1 mark

Special Economic Zones are located near

  • Near a border

  • Ports

  • More developed countries 

  • Cities

  • The sea

Choose your answer

17
1 mark

Areas in lower-income countries that are exclusively used for manufacturing goods for export, are known as 

  • Free-trade zones

  • Special economic zones

  • Newly-industrializing 

  • Export processing zones 

  • Deindustrializing

Choose your answer

18
1 mark

Just-in-time delivery is 

  • When similar industries cluster in the same location

  • The reduction of storage costs to improve efficiency in production, by receiving raw materials or goods only when they are needed in the production process

  • An area which experiences strong economic growth as key industries or sectors develop, which triggers economic development in the surrounding area

  • The mass production movement, where a worker is given one repetitive task, rather than finishing a whole product

  • The use of mechanical technologies instead of human labor

Choose your answer

19
1 mark

Areas which experience strong economic growth as key industries or sectors develop, which triggers economic development in the surrounding area, are known as

  • High-technology industries

  • Fordist

  • Global supply chains

  • Growth poles

  • Economies of scale

Choose your answer

20
1 mark

Fordism relies on 

  • Human labor

  • Automation

  • Just-in-time delivery

  • The multiplier effect

  • Agglomeration

Choose your answer