Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2025

First exams 2027

Pressure Groups (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Business): Exam Questions

Exam code: 0450, 0986 & 0264, 0774

1 hour14 questions
12 marks

Define 'pressure group'

24 marks

Case Study

WWN is a multinational company that produces electronic devices. Recently, the environmental pressure group 'Clean Future' has launched a campaign against WWN, criticising the company's use of non-recyclable materials in its products. The campaign has gained significant media attention and has started to affect WWN's reputation. Clean Future has organised protests outside WWN's main factories and has encouraged consumers to boycott the company's products. A spokesperson for WWN said: 'We are aware of the concerns raised and are considering our response options. We understand that pressure groups play an important role in holding businesses accountable.'

Outline two ways WWN could respond to Clean Future's campaign.

32 marks

Define 'direct action'

42 marks

Define 'lobbying'

52 marks

Identify two ways pressure groups can influence business decisions.

62 marks

Identify two ways pressure groups may use media to influence business decisions.

72 marks

Identify two advantages to a business of responding to pressure group activity.

16 marks

Do you think businesses should always respond to the actions of pressure groups? Justify your answer.

26 marks

Case Study

TechCorp manufactures smartphones. The business has recently been criticised for unethical practices. The company employs 2500 workers across multiple factories. TechCorp sources 70% of its components from overseas suppliers. As internal users of accounts, the management team regularly reviews TechCorp's financial performance using liquidity ratios. The Chief Executive believes that maximising shareholder value is the primary objective of any business.

Explain one way pressure groups might respond to TechCorp's unethical practices and one impact this response could have on the business.

36 marks

Do you think businesses are more affected by pressure groups than by other stakeholder groups? Justify your answer.

46 marks

Case Study

BrightTech Ltd manufactures smartphones and tablets. The company has built a strong reputation over 15 years through quality products and excellent customer service. Recently, BrightTech received widespread criticism online after a popular tech influencer with 2 million followers posted a negative review about their latest smartphone model. The criticism has spread rapidly across social media platforms, with many customers expressing concerns about product quality and the company's response to complaints. BrightTech's management team is now considering how best to respond to this online criticism to protect their brand reputation and maintain customer loyalty.

Explain two responses BrightTech could choose to address the online criticism.

56 marks

Do you think all businesses suffer when they come under the scrutiny of pressure groups? Justify your answer.

112 marks

Consider the potential responses of the following two pressure groups to RMT's proposed changes:

  • Trade unions representing retail workers

  • Local community groups in areas where stores may close

Analyse how each pressure group might respond to RMT's plans for redundancies and store closures. Which pressure group should RMT be most concerned about? Justify your answer.

Refer to the following insert (opens in a new tab) when answering the question

212 marks

Consider the benefits and limitations of the following two ways VP can respond to pressure from health and environmental groups when entering a new market in another country.

  • Adapting the menu to meet health and environmental standards demanded by pressure groups

  • Maintaining current menu offerings to preserve profitability

Which approach should VP choose? Justify your answer.

Refer to the following insert (opens in a new tab) when answering the question