Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2025

First exams 2027

Rivers: Hazards & Opportunities (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Geography): Exam Questions

Exam code: 0460 & 0976

1 hour16 questions
13 marks

Explain why the building of large settlements on or close to a flood plain increases the discharge of a river after heavy rain.

23 marks

Study Figs. 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3, which are photographs of three different rivers.

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Fig 1.1

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Fig 1.2

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Fig 1.3

Using evidence from Figs. 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 only, describe three different benefits of living near a river

3a3 marks

Study Fig. 4.1, which is information about flooding which was predicted for the area around the Mississippi River, USA, in December 2015.

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Suggest two reasons why most of the major flooding predicted was at Cape Girardeau.

3b3 marks

Describe three likely impacts of flooding in the rural areas between St Louis and Cape Girardeau.

43 marks

Study Fig. 4.2, which is information about river flooding in Spain.

Text explains flooding in south-eastern Spain from 11-14 September 2019, highlighting heavy rainfall in Ontinyent and river flooding in Orihuela and Moixent.

Suggest three different problems which may have been caused by the river flooding in towns such as Orihuela and Moixent.

53 marks

Study Fig. 1.1, which shows river pollution in the River Thames, England.

Litter and debris scattered across a muddy urban riverbank, with distant cityscape, including a domed structure, and residential buildings in the background.

Fig. 1.1

Suggest three different problems which may have been caused by the river pollution in areas such as London.

14 marks

Describe the human causes of flooding.

24 marks

Describe the methods used to manage the impacts of river flooding.

31 mark

Give two advantages and two disadvantages of living close to a river such as the one shown in Fig. 1.

Rural landscape with a gentle river flowing alongside a grassy field under a partly cloudy sky, marked with an 'X' on the grass.
Fig. 1
45 marks

Study Figs. 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4, which are photographs of three different rivers.

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Fig 3.2

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Fig 3.3

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Fig 3.4

Explain why living on a delta or near a river may be hazardous for people.

54 marks

State two different methods to reduce river flooding. For each method explain how it works.

Method 1 .........................................................................................

Explanation ....................................................................................

Method 2 ........................................................................................

Explanation .....................................................................................

6a4 marks

Study Fig. 4.3, which is a map of an area in Asia where river flooding occurred.

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Fig. 4.3

Suggest reasons why the rivers flooded in the areas shown in Fig. 4.3.

6b5 marks

Suggest the methods which could be used in the area shown in Fig. 4.3 to prevent flooding.

17 marks

For a named river you have studied, explain how flooding is being managed

27 marks

Describe the hazards provided by a named river you have studied for people who live close to it

Named river ..............

37 marks

For a named river you have studied, explain the causes of flooding.

Name of river ..............................

47 marks

For a named river you have studied, explain the causes of pollution.

Name of river ..............................

57 marks

For a named river you have studied, describe how pollution is being managed