Management of Coasts (Edexcel IGCSE Geography): Exam Questions

Exam code: 4GE1

2 hours18 questions
1
1 mark

Identify one method of hard engineering.

2
2 marks

Explain one disadvantage of using groynes.

3
3 marks

Explain why one conflict might occur between different users of coastlines.

4
1 mark

State one aim of coastal management.

5
2 marks

Explain one advantage of using rock armour.

6
3 marks

Explain one way building design can reduce the impact of coastal flooding.

1
4 marks

Study Figure 2a .

Map of Lowestoft, showing roads, railway lines, and landmarks. Includes surrounding areas, with grid references and scale bar in kilometres.

Suggest two reasons that hard engineering is suitable for this stretch of coastline.

2
4 marks

Study Figure 2a and suggest two reasons soft engineering is suitable for this stretch of coastline.

OS map of Exbury, UK, depicting a coastal landscape with recreational routes, nature reserves, marshes, and bird sanctuaries, plus a scale and compass.
3
4 marks

Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of soft engineering strategies.

4
4 marks

Compare hard engineering and soft engineering methods used to manage coastal flooding.

1
8 marks

Discuss the conflicting views that affect the choice of management for one named stretch of coastline.

2
8 marks

Study Figure 2c and Figure 2d below.

fig-2c-4ge1-01-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography
fig-2d-4ge1-01-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography

Analyse the reasons for the choice of different soft engineering strategies shown.

3
8 marks

Study Figure 2c and Figure 2d below.

fig-2c-4ge1-01r-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography
fig-2d-4ge1-01r-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography

Analyse the reasons for the choice of the different hard engineering strategies shown. 

4
8 marks

Study Figure 2c

World map highlighting countries with small populations in low-lying coastal areas, with detailed data for Norway, New Zealand, and Peru, and a sea level rise key.

Analyse the possible reasons why the populations of some countries are less at risk from coastal flooding than others.

You must refer to the resource in your answer.

5
8 marks

Assess the effectiveness of hard and soft engineering in managing coastal erosion.

6
8 marks

Study Figure 2c and Figure 2d.

Map showing coastal flood risk in New Orleans, USA, with areas marked as high, medium, or low risk, and labelled Gulf of Mexico and New Orleans City.
Three images show New Orleans' flood defences: flood walls, water pump stations, and a flood gate. Text details Hurricane Katrina 2005 impacts and 2021 protections.

Analyse the effectiveness of the coastal flood prevention strategies shown.

Refer to the resources in your answer.

7
8 marks

Study Figure 2c and Figure 2d.

Infographic highlighting coastal development reasons, showing tourism, sport fishing, coral reefs, mangroves, and marine life economic impact.
Infographic showing natural barriers like mangroves, coral, and oyster reefs reducing wave height and energy, protecting coasts and saving money.

Analyse why conflicts between development and conservation occur in coastal areas.

Refer to the resources in your answer.

8
8 marks

Analyse the importance of conserving coastal ecosystems compared with developing coastal areas for economic gain.