Urban areas have many problems.

Fig. 1 - An electric bus
Using Fig. 1, explain how this improves an urban area.
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Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2025
First exams 2027
Exam code: 0460 & 0976
Urban areas have many problems.
Fig. 1 - An electric bus
Using Fig. 1, explain how this improves an urban area.
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What is a top-down housing scheme?
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Give two benefits of self-help housing schemes.
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Explain one way congestion charges help the environment.
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What is a bottom-up housing scheme?
Large-scale, government or private-sector projects
NGO, community-led projects
Local residents are provided with building materials
Vegetation is planted on rooftops
Choose your answer
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Explain two ways green spaces help manage urban growth.
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Describe two problems caused by rapid urban growth in cities.
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Study Fig. 1, which shows strategies which can be used to improve squatter settlements.
Fig. 1 – Strategies to improve squatter settlements
Which strategy shown in Fig. 1 do you consider to be the best one to improve the lives of people living in squatter settlements? Justify your answer by referring to the advantages of the strategy you have chosen. Reference to examples may help your answer
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Explain how transport schemes help reduce urban problems.
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Compare top-down and bottom-up housing strategies.
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For a named urban area you have studied, describe the strategies which have been used to reduce problems caused by urban growth.
Name of urban area:
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For a named urban area you have studied, describe the strategies used to reduce traffic congestion.
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For a named urban area you have studied, assess how successful bottom-up strategies are at improving housing in LIC cities.
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Explain how transport strategies can make urban growth more sustainable. Use examples.
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Explain why urban planners include green spaces when managing city growth.
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