IGCSEGeographyCambridge (CIE)Exam QuestionsDevelopmentUneven Development

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First teaching 2025

First exams 2027

Uneven Development (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Geography): Exam Questions

Exam code: 0460 & 0976

1 hour19 questions
Easy
Medium
Hard
13 marks

Study Fig. 5.2, a photograph taken in Mumbai, India.

Slum area with corrugated metal shacks in the foreground, juxtaposed against tall, modern buildings and a church spire in the background under cloudy skies.
Fig. 5.2

Using evidence from Fig. 5.2, suggest what inequalities exist in Mumbai.

How did you do?

21 mark

What is meant by the term 'development gap'?

How did you do?

32 marks

Give two environmental reasons why some countries develop more slowly.

How did you do?

42 marks

Identify two features of low-income countries (LICs).

How did you do?

53 marks

Describe three problems caused by the development gap.

How did you do?

63 marks

Study Fig. 5.2, which shows indicators of development for selected countries in Africa.

Country

Life expectancy (years)

Energy use per person (kg of oil equivalent)

Number of doctors (per 100 000 people)

Adult literacy (%)

Angola

55

606

8

67

Egypt

73

735

212

58

Ethiopia

61

299

3

43

Kenya

64

494

13

85

South Africa

50

2587

69

87

Tanzania

61

465

2

78

Uganda

54

776

5

70

Fig. 5.2

Identify the country which:

  1. Has the lowest percentage of people who can read and write.

  2. Is likely to have the poorest access to a doctor.

  3. Has the lowest energy use per person.

How did you do?

14 marks

Explain why there may be inequalities in levels of development within a country.

How did you do?

25 marks

Explain why there are inequalities in wealth between countries.

How did you do?

35 marks

Study Fig. 5.2, which shows indicators of development for selected countries in Africa.

Country

Life expectancy (years)

Energy use per person (kg of oil equivalent)

Number of doctors (per 100 000 people)

Adult literacy (%)

Angola

55

606

8

67

Egypt

73

735

212

58

Ethiopia

61

299

3

43

Kenya

64

494

13

85

South Africa

50

2587

69

87

Tanzania

61

465

2

78

Uganda

54

776

5

70

Fig. 5.2

Which country, listed in Fig. 5.2, do you consider to have the highest level of development?

Justify your answer.

How did you do?

44 marks

Explain how being landlocked can affect a country’s development.

How did you do?

54 marks

Describe two social factors that can widen the development gap.

How did you do?

64 marks

Suggest one reason why some countries move from LIC to MIC status.

How did you do?

71 mark

Explain one reason why classifying countries only by income can be misleading.

How did you do?

17 marks

Assess how environmental factors can contribute to uneven development.

How did you do?

27 marks

Evaluate the role of colonial history in creating uneven development today.

How did you do?

37 marks

Assess the extent to which social factors explain uneven development between countries?

How did you do?

47 marks

Assess why global classifications of LICs, MICs, and HICs are often contested.

How did you do?

57 marks

Evaluate how economic factors widen the development gap between LICs and HICs.

How did you do?

67 marks

Assess how the choice of development indicators can affect how the global development gap is understood.

How did you do?