Environmental Issues: Exam Skills (AQA GCSE German): Revision Note
Exam code: 8662
The topic of 'Environmental Issues' can appear in any of the exams - you might be asked to discuss problems affecting the natural world, explain what you do to help the environment, or understand what others think about environmental challenges
Let's use the vocabulary, grammar and phonics we have seen so far to take a closer look at some typical exam questions and how you might tackle them
Environmental issues: listening
In the listening exam, there will be multiple-choice questions where you need to select the correct answer
Listen carefully for key information and use your preparation time to note down relevant vocabulary so you know what to listen out for
Foundation tier
Worked Example
Sophie is talking about environmental issues.
Choose the correct answer.
1. Sophie is most worried about …
A. air pollution.
B. rising temperatures.
C. water shortages.
2. In her area, she says the biggest problem is …
A. too much traffic.
B. rubbish in the streets.
C. factories near her home.
3. To help the environment, she recently …
A. stopped using plastic bottles.
B. started cycling to school.
C. recycled paper and glass.
Answers:
B - die steigenden Temperaturen auf der Welt … das finde ich sehr schlimm
A - der Verkehr ist das größte Problem - es gibt einfach zu viele Autos
C - habe ich Papier und Glas recycelt
Examiner Tips and Tricks
In multiple-choice questions, most options are designed to be plausible - examiners deliberately include distractors that relate to the topic
Use your preparation time to underline the key word in each option so you know exactly what to listen out for
For example, in question 1 above, the key words are Luft (air), Temperaturen (temperatures) and Wasser (water) - listen for whichever one is mentioned
Higher tier
Worked Example
Lukas is talking about climate change.
Choose the correct answer.
1. Lukas thinks the biggest cause of climate change is …
A. individual behaviour.
B. government inaction.
C. industrial pollution.
2. He believes that electric cars …
A. are too expensive for most people.
B. are not yet good enough to replace petrol cars.
C. should be made compulsory by law.
3. In the future, he hopes that …
A. people will use less energy at home.
B. the government will introduce stricter laws.
C. renewable energy will become cheaper.
Answers:
C - es ist vor allem die Industrie, die den Klimawandel verursacht
A - Elektroautos … sind für die meisten Menschen einfach zu teuer
B - die Regierung strengere Gesetze einführt
Examiner Tips and Tricks
At Higher tier, distractors are more carefully designed to mislead - the speaker may mention a word that appears in a wrong answer without it being the correct one
For example, Lukas mentions people (Menschen) but dismisses them as the cause, so option A is a distractor
Always listen to the full sentence before deciding on your answer
Environmental issues: speaking
In the speaking exam, one task is a read aloud
You will read a short text in German and then answer four questions on the same topic
Another task is a role-play where you respond to five prompts, including one where you must ask a question
Foundation tier
Worked Example
Read the following text aloud in German.
Es ist wichtig, die Umwelt zu schützen.
Viele Menschen recyceln Glas und Papier.
Der Verkehr in den Städten verschmutzt die Luft.
Wir müssen Energie sparen, um die Welt zu retten.
You should have used the guttural r in recyceln and retten - remember to produce this at the back of the throat, not like an English r
You should have pronounced ie in viele and Energie correctly, like 'ee', not 'eye'
Higher tier
Worked Example
You are speaking to a German friend about the environment.
Your teacher plays the role of the friend.
You must respond to all five prompts.
Say what you think the biggest environmental problem in your area is. (Give two details.)
Say what you do to help the environment. (Give two details.)
Say what you have done recently to help the environment. (Give two details.)
! Say something about what the government should do to protect the environment.
? Ask your friend a question about environmental issues.
Example answer:
In meiner Stadt ist der Verkehr das größte Problem. Die Luft ist sehr schmutzig und das ist schlecht für die Gesundheit.
In my town, traffic is the biggest problem. The air is very dirty and that is bad for health.
Ich recycle Glas und Papier, und ich fahre mit dem Fahrrad, statt das Auto zu benutzen.
I recycle glass and paper, and I cycle instead of using the car.
Letzte Woche habe ich weniger Energie benutzt und das Licht öfter ausgemacht. Ich habe auch weniger Wasser benutzt.
Last week I used less energy and turned off the lights more often. I also used less water.
Die Regierung sollte strengere Gesetze einführen, um die Umwelt zu schützen.
The government should introduce stricter laws in order to protect the environment.
Was denkst du über den Klimawandel?
What do you think about climate change?
Environmental issues: reading
In the reading exam, Section A tests your comprehension in English - you will need to answer questions about a text in English
Section B tests your ability to translate from German into English accurately and naturally
Foundation tier
Worked Example
Lisa is describing the environmental issues in her area.
In meiner Stadt ist der Verkehr ein riesiges Problem - es gibt einfach zu viele Autos. Die Luft ist schmutzig und viele Menschen haben Gesundheitsprobleme.
Der Fluss in der Nähe ist auch verschmutzt, weil manche Leute ihren Müll ins Wasser werfen. Ich mache mir große Sorgen um die Natur und möchte in Zukunft Biologie studieren, um der Umwelt zu helfen.
Answer the following questions in English.
What does Lisa say about traffic in her town?
What effect does the dirty air have on people?
Why is the river polluted?
What does Lisa want to do in the future and why?
Answers:
There are too many cars / traffic is a huge problem
Many people have health problems
Some people throw their rubbish into the water
She wants to study biology [1]; to help the environment [1]
Higher tier
Worked Example
Translate these sentences into English.
Der Klimawandel droht, unsere Welt zu zerstören.
Die Regierung muss strengere Gesetze machen, um die Natur zu schützen.
Obwohl viele Menschen Energie sparen, wird die Situation nicht besser.
Es ist selbstverständlich, dass wir weniger Müll produzieren sollen.
Man sollte öfter zu Fuß gehen, statt immer das Auto zu benutzen.
Answers:
Climate change threatens to destroy our world.
The government must make stricter laws in order to protect nature.
Although many people save energy, the situation is not getting better.
It is obvious / it goes without saying that we should produce less waste.
People should walk more often instead of always using the car.
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Always read the sentences very carefully - in question 2, strengere could easily be misread as strenge, which changes the meaning of the adjective
Environmental issues: writing
In both the Foundation and Higher writing exams, one question asks you to write approximately 90 words in German in response to three bullet points
The same question appears at both tiers
At Higher tier, there is also a 150-word task
Foundation tier
Worked Example
You are writing a blog post about the environment for your school website.
Write approximately 90 words in German. You must write something about each bullet point.
Mention:
an environmental problem that concerns you
something you did recently to help the environment
what you plan to do in the future to protect the environment
Foundation answer:
Die Temperatur auf der Welt wird wärmer und das macht mir große Sorgen. Die Luft wird immer schmutziger und das ist sehr gefährlich für die Natur.
Letzten Sommer bin ich jeden Tag zu Fuß zur Schule gegangen, statt mit dem Bus zu fahren. Das hat mir sehr gut gefallen.
In der Zukunft möchte ich weniger Plastik benutzen, weil das besser für die Umwelt ist. Ich will auch mehr Energie sparen, weil das gut für die Umwelt ist. Ich finde es auch wichtig, dass die Regierung mehr für die Umwelt tut. Ohne Hilfe von der Regierung ist es schwierig, die Situation zu verbessern.
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Make sure your answer covers all three time frames - present, past and future - to match the three bullet points
Higher tier
Worked Example
You are writing an article for a German environmental magazine.
Write approximately 150 words in German.
Mention:
the most serious environmental problem is today and what effects it has
what you and your family have done recently to help the environment
Example answer:
Meiner Meinung nach sind die schmutzige Luft und die steigenden Temperaturen die gefährlichsten Probleme für unsere Welt. Viele Tiere und Pflanzen sind in großer Gefahr, weil Menschen ihre natürliche Umgebung zerstören. Obwohl die Regierung strengere Gesetze machen sollte, passiert leider zu wenig.
Meine Familie und ich haben in letzter Zeit viel gemacht. Meine Eltern haben ein Elektroauto gekauft, statt ein normales Auto zu fahren. Wir benutzen weniger Energie im Winter und tragen wärmere Kleidung. Ich selbst gehe lieber zu Fuß oder fahre mit dem Fahrrad zur Schule, ohne darüber nachzudenken - es ist einfach normal für mich.
Ich bin der Meinung, dass jeder Mensch die Verantwortung hat, die Welt zu schützen. Kleine Dinge im Leben können viel helfen, wenn alle zusammenarbeiten. Als ich jünger war, habe ich nie an die Umwelt gedacht - aber jetzt ist mir das Thema sehr wichtig.
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Notice how this answer covers both bullet points clearly and uses a range of tenses - present, perfect and imperfect - across the three paragraphs
Using statt…zu and ohne…zu alongside subordinate clauses with weil, obwohl and wenn shows grammatical variety, which is rewarded
Try to include at least one complex structure in each paragraph rather than relying on simple sentences throughout
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