Diseases & Immunity (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Biology): Exam Questions

Exam code: 0610 & 0970

3 hours37 questions
1
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The immune system recognises which part of a pathogen?

  • Antibiotic

  • Antigen

  • Active site

  • Antibody

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2
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What is a pathogen?

  • A transmissible disease

  • A phagocyte that engulfs bacteria

  • A disease-causing organism

  • A bacterial cell

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3
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In many multicellular animals, pathogens are recognised as foreign and are attacked by the immune system.

Which of the following may be produced during an immune response?

  • Antigens

  • Antibiotics

  • Pathogens

  • Antibodies

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4
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Which body defence listed below acts as a chemical barrier?

  • Mucus lining the airways

  • Antibody production

  • Hairs in the nose

  • Phagocytosis

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5
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Which of the options below is an example of a transmissible disease?

  • Obesity

  • Tooth decay

  • Cholera

  • Rickets

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61 mark

The body has several defence mechanisms to protect against disease. 

Which defence mechanism is a chemical barrier?

  • Hairs in the nose 

  • Mucus

  • Skin 

  • White blood cells

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71 mark

The graph shows the response of the body to vaccination. 

Graph showing a curve where X concentration in the blood increases after vaccination, peaks, then decreases over time on a time-concentration axis.

Which word should be used to replace the letter X, to complete the label on the y-axis? 

  • Antibody

  • Antigen

  • Pathogen

  • Platelet

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81 mark

Which cells produce mucus?

  • Ciliated cells

  • Goblet cells

  • Nerve cells

  • White blood cells

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1
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The human body has a number of barriers to prevent infection by pathogens some of which are listed below.

  1. Skin

  2. Mucus

  3. Hairs in the nose

  4. Antibodies

  5. Stomach acid

Which of these are examples of mechanical barriers?

  • 1 and 3

  • 1, 2 and 4

  • 2 and 4

  • 1, 3 and 5

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2
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Which of the following diseases listed below are not caused by infectious pathogens?

  1. Coronary Heart Disease

  2. Cholera

  3. AIDS

  4. Scurvy

  • 2 only

  • 1 and 4

  • 2 and 3

  • 2, 3 and 4

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3
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Which of the following diseases can be transmitted by contact with contaminated surfaces?

  • Athletes foot and malaria

  • Salmonella and typhoid

  • Influenza and dengue fever

  • Salmonella and athletes foot

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4
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When a tissue is transplanted from a female donor to a male recipient, it may be rejected.

What is the main cause of this rejection?

  • The presence of an X chromosome

  • The action of platelets

  • The action of antibiotics

  • Antibody production

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5
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Which of the following is an effect of a cholera infection?

  1. Loss of salts from the blood

  2. Loss of water from the blood

  3. Blockage of the small intestine

  4. Persistent diarrhoea

  • 1 and 4

  • 1, 2 and 4

  • 3 and 4

  • All 4

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61 mark

The diagram with the structure labelled X shows a bacterium with proteins on its surface. The diagram labelled Y shows proteins made by the human body

10-1-image-mq6

Which row shows the correct combination for destroying the bacterium?

10-1-image-mq6-table

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    71 mark

    Statements 1 to 4 describe stages in the development of cholera.

    1. Chloride ions are secreted into the gut.

    2. Osmosis causes water to move into the gut.

    3. The infected person becomes dehydrated.

    4. Toxins are produced by the pathogenic bacteria.

    What is the correct sequence of the four stages?

    • 1 → 2 →  3 →  4 

    • 1 →  4 →  3 → 2

    • 4  → 1 →  2 → 3

    • 4  → 1 →  3 → 2

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    81 mark

    The photomicrograph shows human blood. 

    Blood smear showing labelled cells: A is a neutrophil with a lobed nucleus, B and D are red blood cells, and C is a monocyte with a kidney-shaped nucleus.

    Which blood component makes antibodies?  

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      91 mark

      A child is vaccinated against measles. After a period of time the child is infected with the measles virus.

      The graph shows the concentration of measles antibodies in the child’s bloodstream during this time.

      Graph showing antibody concentration in the blood over time; initial low rise, peak, then decrease, indicating immune response dynamics.

      Which statement is consistent with the information in the graph?

      • After the vaccination, the child produced memory cells.

      • The child had passive immunity against measles.

      • The measles virus contains antibodies.

      • The vaccination failed to protect the child against measles.

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      1
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      Components of the blood from a mammal are shown in the diagram below.

      In which component would you expect to find the remains of the breakdown of bacterial cells.

      picture6

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        2
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        There are numerous ways in which a person can acquire antibodies, giving immunity to a disease. Some of these are:

        1. Vaccination

        2. Infection by disease

        3. A baby feeding on breast milk

        Which of the options would give a person active immunity?

        • 1 and 2 only

        • 1, 2 and 3

        • 1 and 3 only

        • 2 and 3 only

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        3
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        Which row in the table below correctly describes the attributes of passive immunity?

         

        effective period

        antibodies made?

        involves production of memory cells?

        A

        long term

        yes

        no

        B

        long term

        yes

        yes

        C

        short term

        no

        no

        D

        short term

        no

        yes

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          4
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          What happens when a person is vaccinated against measles?

           

          type of immunity

          production of memory cells?

          A

          passive

          yes

          B

          passive

          no

          C

          active

          yes

          D

          active

          no

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            5
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            Passive and active immunity have which of the following features in common?

            1. They are always long-term.

            2. They always involve the activity of memory cells.

            3. They involve antibodies.

            4. They can be acquired by vaccination.

            • 1 and 2

            • 3 only

            • 2 and 3

            • 3 and 4

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