Technical Textiles (AQA GCSE Design & Technology): Revision Note

How fibres can be spun to make enhanced fabrics

What are technical textiles?

• Technical textiles are fabrics made from natural or synthetic fibres which are combined or modified to improve the performance of the final product

What are conductive fabrics?

• Conductive fabrics are fabrics which conduct electricity

• Conductive fabrics are made by weaving metal fibres into traditional fibres

• The strands of the fabric essentially become an electrical wire able to carry electricity (current)

• Typical uses include smart clothing, wearable technology and health monitoring garments, where electronic sensors connect to a device through the conductive fabric

What are fire-resistant fabrics?

• Fire-resistant fabrics have special fibres or chemically treated fibres which allow the final product to resist burning

• Fire-resistant fabrics do not catch fire, or burn very slowly

• Typical uses include clothing for firefighters, protective garments and the coverings of furnishings like sofas and curtains

• Fire-resistant fabrics improve safety wherever they are used

What is kevlar?

• Kevlar is a synthetic fibre textile which is extremely strong and lightweight

• Kevlar weaves fibres with very high tensile strength together

• Kevlar is cut resistant, impact resistant and heat resistant

• Typical uses include body armour, motorcycle clothing and reinforced gloves or ropes, where tensile strength is essential for safety and to protect the user

What are microfibres and micro-encapsulation?

• Microfibres are very fine synthetic fibres used to create soft, lightweight fabrics

• Micro-encapsulation involves tiny capsules (pockets or pods) built into fibres which can release a liquid substance when used

• Microfibre garments allow moisture and air to travel through them and are typically stronger than traditional fibre garments

• An example of microfibre use is in sportswear

• Micro-encapsulation can release substances which control odour, keep garments hygienic or support temperature control