Ideology, Science & Religion (AQA A Level Sociology): Exam Questions

Read Item J below and answer the question that follows.

Item J

Defining religious belief and practice often creates problems. Some sociologists argue that religion should be defined in terms of its belief in a higher power. However, others argue that it should instead be defined in terms of the social role the belief system plays.

Measuring religious belief and practice can also pose problems. Whilst many individuals may claim to hold religious beliefs, the way they practise these beliefs may be difficult for sociologists to measure.

Applying material from Item J and your knowledge, evaluate the problems that sociologists may face when defining and measuring religious belief and practice.

Outline and explain two ways in which churches may act as conservative forces.

Read Item I below and answer the question that follows.

Item I

Religion claims to provide answers to life's ultimate questions. Religion can also provide support in times of change.

Religion may have a greater influence than science on some people's lives.

Applying material from Item I, analyse two reasons why religion may have a greater influence than science on some people's lives.

Read Item I below and answer the question that follows.

Item I

Ideologies can be oppressive forces that protect the interests of powerful groups in society. Ideologies can also inspire protest and social change.

Religion may be seen as an ideology.

Applying material from Item I, analyse two ways in which religion may be seen as an ideology.