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Exam code: 8CH0
Past paper and exam-style questions organised by topic, with student-friendly answers written by teachers and examiners.
Atomic Structure
Structure of the Atom, Isotopes, Relative Mass, Mass Spectrometry
Ions & Electrons
Ionisation Energy, Quantum Shells, Orbitals, Electronic Configurations
The Periodic Table
Periodicity
Bonding
Ionic Bonding Overview, Representing Ionic Bonding, Ionic Trends, Physical Properties of Ionic Compounds, Covalent Bonding Overview, Covalent Dot-and-Cross Diagrams, Bond Length & Bond Strength, Shapes of Covalent Compounds
Structure
Electronegativity, Intermolecular Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, Intermolecular Forces & Physical Properties, Metallic Bonding, Giant Lattices, Covalent Structures, Predicting Structures
Formulae, Equations & Avogadro
Empirical & Molecular Formulae, Balanced Equations, Applying Equations, The Mole & the Avogadro Constant, Amount of Substance Calculations
Reaction Calculations
Reacting Volume Calculations, Titrations, Error & Uncertainty, Yield & Atom Economy
Energetics I
Enthalpy Changes, Enthalpy Level Diagrams, Calorimetry, Hess Cycles, Bond Enthalpy
Kinetics I
Collision Theory & Rates, Calculating Rates of Reaction, Maxwell-Boltzmann Distributions, Catalysts in Industry
Equilibrium I
Dynamic Equilibrium, Le Chatelier's Principle, The Rate & Yield Compromise, Deducing Kc Expressions
Redox I
Oxidation Number, Types of Reduction & Oxidation, Redox & Disproportionation, Ionic Equations
Groups 1 & 2
Explaining Group 2 Trends, Reactions of Group 2, Group 2 Hydroxides & Sulfates, Group 1 & 2 Carbonates & Nitrates, Flame Tests
Group 7
Group 7 Trends, Halogen Displacement Reactions, Halogen Redox Reactions, Halide Ion Reactions
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Formulae of organic compounds, Homologous Series and Functional Groups, Nomenclature and Classification, Structural Isomerism, Stereoisomerism
Alkanes
Describing Alkanes, Alkane Fuels, Pollution from Combustion, Reducing Pollution, Free Radicals
Alkenes
Describing Alkenes, Bonding in Alkenes, Electrophilic addition, Electrophilic Addition Mechanism, Saturation Test, Addition Polymerisation, Waste Polymers
Halogenoalkanes
Classifying Halogenoalkanes, Nucleophilic Substitution, Nucleophilic Substitution Mechanism, Hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes, Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes
Alcohols
Classifying Alcohols, Reactions of Alcohols, Organic Liquid Preparation & Purification
Modern Analytical Techniques I
Mass Spectrometry, Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
Physical Chemistry Core Practicals
Molar Volume of a Gas, Standard Solutions, Determining Concentrations, Determining Enthalpy Change of Reaction
Inorganic & Organic Chemistry Core Practicals
Hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes, Ethanol Oxidation, Chlorination of 2-Methylpropan-2-ol, Qualitative Analysis