Motivation & Rewards (Edexcel IGCSE Business): Flashcards
Exam code: 4BS1
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Define motivation.
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Cards in this collection (37)
Define motivation.
Motivation is the inner desire or willingness that drives a person to take action and achieve a goal.
Give two benefits of a motivated workforce.
Motivated staff are more productive, more reliable and loyal, and have lower turnover.
Motivated employees use their to solve problems and are more engaged in their work.
Motivated employees use their initiative to solve problems and are more engaged in their work.
True or False?
A motivated workforce tends to have higher labour turnover.
False.
A motivated workforce has lower turnover, as staff are more likely to stay long-term.
How does motivation increase a business's profits?
Motivated employees are more productive, generating higher output and quality, which raises profits.
How does lower labour turnover benefit a business?
It reduces the need for costly recruitment and training.
Motivated employees take pride in their work, show up on time and take fewer days.
Motivated employees take pride in their work, show up on time and take fewer sick days.
True or False?
Motivated employees help build a positive organisational culture and greater trust.
True.
Their reliability builds trust between the business and employees and a positive culture.
Why are motivated employees more reliable?
They take pride in their work, meet deadlines, arrive on time and take fewer sick days.
Name the three main theories of motivation.
Taylor's Scientific Management, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, and Herzberg's Two-Factor theory.
According to Taylor, what mainly motivates workers?
Pay — workers need tightly-defined tasks and close supervision.
Taylor's theory links output to financial rewards through rate pay.
Taylor's theory links output to financial rewards through piece rate pay.
What are the four steps of Taylor's Scientific Management?
Study the work process, standardise it, select and train workers, and provide financial incentives.
True or False?
Taylor's approach is well suited to roles requiring high creativity and problem-solving.
False.
Taylor's approach has limited application to creative or interpersonal roles; it suits repetitive, standardised work.
Define Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs outlines five tiers of needs that must be met for people to reach their full potential; once a need is met it no longer motivates.
Name the five levels of Maslow's hierarchy.
Physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualisation.
How can a business meet employees' safety needs (Maslow)?
By providing job security, fair pay, benefits, and safe working conditions.
In Maslow's hierarchy, once a need is met it is to continue to motivate.
In Maslow's hierarchy, once a need is met it is unlikely to continue to motivate.
Define Herzberg's Two-Factor theory.
Herzberg's Two-Factor theory says two influences determine motivation: hygiene factors and motivators.
What is the difference between hygiene factors and motivators (Herzberg)?
Hygiene factors (e.g. pay, conditions) don't motivate but their absence causes dissatisfaction; motivators (e.g. responsibility) lead to satisfaction.
Give an example of a Herzberg hygiene factor.
Fair pay, good working conditions, or job security.
Give an example of a Herzberg motivator.
A recognition and rewards culture, growth and development opportunities, or challenging work.
True or False?
According to Herzberg, money is a strong motivator.
False.
Herzberg says money is not a motivator (it's a hygiene factor), but a lack of it causes dissatisfaction.
Define financial incentives.
Financial incentives are rewards or payments given to employees for their labour or improved performance.
Name three financial incentives.
Remuneration (wage/salary), commission, bonus, promotion, and fringe benefits.
Define commission.
Commission is a percentage of sales revenue paid to workers who sell products or services.
Define fringe benefits.
Fringe benefits are additional benefits such as a company car, private healthcare or gym membership.
A is an additional payment given for achieving specific goals or exceeding expectations.
A bonus is an additional payment given for achieving specific goals or exceeding expectations.
True or False?
According to Herzberg, a lack of money leads to dissatisfaction.
True.
Herzberg said a lack of money causes dissatisfaction, even though money is not generally a motivator.
Why do businesses use a mix of financial and non-financial incentives?
To meet the individual needs of different workers and avoid wasting financial rewards on those they wouldn't motivate.
Define non-financial incentives.
Non-financial incentives are rewards not directly related to money, such as recognition, praise or job satisfaction.
Define autonomy (as a non-financial incentive).
Autonomy is giving staff the authority and resources to make decisions without first getting management approval.
What is job enrichment?
Job enrichment is adding more challenging or meaningful tasks to a job to increase motivation.
What is job rotation?
Job rotation is moving staff between broadly similar but varied roles, giving them new challenges and skills.
True or False?
Job enrichment means moving workers between tasks at the same level.
False.
Job rotation moves workers between same-level tasks; job enrichment adds more challenging tasks.
Allowing part-time work, remote roles or flexible hours is a non-financial incentive called working.
Allowing part-time work, remote roles or flexible hours is a non-financial incentive called flexible working.
How can flexible working motivate employees?
It helps them balance work and home life, making them more loyal and committed.
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