Elizabethan England: Historic Environment (AQA GCSE History: British Depth Study (Paper 2: Section B)): Flashcards
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Who was Hardwick Hall built for?
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Who was Hardwick Hall built for?
Hardwick Hall was built for Elizabeth Hardwick (Bess of Hardwick), Countess of Shrewsbury.
Hardwick Hall was built between and 1597.
Hardwick Hall was built between 1590 and 1597.
True or False?
Robert Smythson was the architect and surveyor who designed Hardwick Hall.
True.
Robert Smythson was the architect and surveyor who designed Hardwick Hall.
Define gentry.
The gentry were the social class, below the nobility, to which Bess of Hardwick belonged.
In which county is Hardwick Hall located?
Hardwick Hall is located in the county of Derbyshire.
Hardwick Hall is around miles north of London.
Hardwick Hall is around 150 miles north of London.
What was the main function of Elizabethan country houses like Hardwick Hall?
The main function of Elizabethan country houses like Hardwick Hall was to demonstrate the owner's wealth, comfort, privacy, intellect and fashion.
True or False?
Elizabethan homes such as Hardwick Hall were built mainly for defence.
False.
They showed England was peaceful, so homes were built rather than fortresses.
Hardwick Hall is famous for having 'more glass than' what?
Hardwick Hall is famous for having 'more glass than wall'.
Define loggia.
A loggia was a covered walkway, inspired by the Italian Renaissance, allowing people to exercise or admire the gardens in poor weather.
Excluding service rooms, Hardwick Hall had rooms.
Excluding service rooms, Hardwick Hall had 46 rooms.
Whose initials, 'E.S', are displayed in Flemish stonework on the towers of Hardwick Hall?
The initials 'E.S', displayed in Flemish stonework on the towers of Hardwick Hall, belong to Elizabeth (Hardwick) Shrewsbury — Bess of Hardwick.
The 1572 Act of Parliament threatened to punish actors as if they had no licence or noble patron.
The 1572 Act of Parliament threatened to punish actors as vagabonds if they had no licence or noble patron.
Which acting company did William Shakespeare join in 1594 as actor and principal playwright?
In 1594, William Shakespeare joined The Lord Chamberlain's Men as actor and principal playwright.
Define patron (of a theatre company).
A patron was an important noble or member of the gentry who sponsored an acting company, giving it protection and status.
In what year was The Globe Theatre built?
The Globe Theatre was built in 1599.
In which area of London, south of the River Thames, was The Globe built?
The Globe was built in Bankside, Southwark, south of the River Thames.
True or False?
Women were allowed to act in Elizabethan theatre.
False.
Women were not allowed to act; boy apprentices played all female roles.
What was the job of the Master of the Revels?
The job of the Master of the Revels was to approve all plays before their performance or publication.
Historians estimate The Globe could hold up to people.
Historians estimate The Globe could hold up to 2,000 people.
Which phrase from Shakespeare's 'Henry V' refers to the shape of The Globe?
The phrase from Shakespeare's 'Henry V' that refers to the shape of The Globe is 'This wooden O'.
True or False?
A cannon fire burnt down The Globe in 1613 during a performance of 'Henry VIII'.
True.
A cannon fire burnt down The Globe in 1613 during a performance of 'Henry VIII'.
What flag colour flown at The Globe indicated a tragedy?
A black flag flown at The Globe indicated a tragedy.
Define the Heavens.
The Heavens was an area hidden in the roof above the stage, where rope and rigging lowered actors onto the stage or made them appear to fly.
In which year did Pope Pius V excommunicate Elizabeth I?
Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth I in 1570.
Define privateer.
A privateer was a pirate working for the government, licensed to attack rival countries' ships and ports.
In 1587, Francis Drake attacked the Spanish port of , destroying 30 ships.
In 1587, Francis Drake attacked the Spanish port of Cadiz, destroying 30 ships.
Who was appointed to lead the Armada after the Marquis of Santa Cruz died in 1588?
After the Marquis of Santa Cruz died in 1588, the Duke of Medina Sidonia was appointed to lead the Armada.
True or False?
The Duke of Medina Sidonia was an experienced naval commander.
False.
He was an army commander with little naval experience, and was seasick and reluctant to lead.
Whose army was the Armada supposed to meet in the Netherlands and escort to England?
The Armada was supposed to meet and escort the Duke of Parma's army from the Netherlands to England.
Philip's Armada was a fleet of ships carrying over 30,000 men.
Philip's Armada was a fleet of 130 ships carrying over 30,000 men.
What defensive formation did the Armada use to protect its supply ships?
To protect its supply ships, the Armada used a crescent formation.
On what date was the Battle of Gravelines fought?
The Battle of Gravelines was fought on 8th August 1588.
After defeat, strong winds pushed the Armada north around Scotland and , where many ships were wrecked.
After defeat, strong winds pushed the Armada north around Scotland and Ireland, where many ships were wrecked.
What type of long-range cannon did the English use to attack Spanish ships from a distance?
The English used culverin cannons to attack Spanish ships from a distance.
True or False?
The English called the storms that scattered the Armada the 'Protestant winds'.
True.
The English called the storms that scattered the Armada the 'Protestant winds'.
Until what year did England's war with Spain continue after the Armada?
After the Armada, England's war with Spain continued until 1604.
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